“…It should also be emphasized that a clinical situation of hypersplenism, manifested through thrombocytopenia associated with splenomegaly, is also frequently observed in pediatrics cases and, most of the time, the patients are referred firstly to the hematologist (6,41,44,50) . Today, the PVT etiology is considered multifactorial, with association of prothrombotic and local trigger factors found even in the pediatric age group (6,10,21,23,29,33,34,37,47,52,53) . The causes of PVT may be grouped into three categories: direct injury of the portal vein with subsequent thrombus formation; vascular malformation which includes stenosis or even atresia of the portal vein; and hypercoagulable conditions which favor the thrombus formation (6,15,19,22,39,49,50,52) .…”