Etiology of halitosis in pediatric dentistry

Silva, Carolina Reis; Silva, Cátia Carvalho; Rodrigues, Rita

doi:10.1016/j.arcped.2022.05.009

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To date, we can only highlight two systematic reviews published by Bawazir et al, 2021 and Silva et al, 2022, whose common objective was to determine the etiological factors of halitosis in children [39][40]. Therefore, this publication highlights a signi cant lack of longitudinal studies in this area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Halitosis in Children and Associated Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Buj-Acosta¹,

García-Sanz²,

Bellot-Arcís³

et al. 2022

SSRN Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Halitosis in Children and Associated Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Buj-Acosta¹,

García-Sanz²,

Bellot-Arcís³

et al. 2022

SSRN Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Halitosis, also known as oral malodor or bad breath, has a worldwide prevalence ranging from 22% to 50% [ 1 ], representing the third most common reason for contacting a dentist [ 2 ]. Although there are a series of factors that can contribute to the presence of halitosis, such as otorhinolaryngological diseases [ 2 ], gastrointestinal disorders [ 3 ], metabolic disorders, or chronic medication [ 4 ], in most cases, halitosis has an oral etiology with incorrect tongue brushing being the main factor that leads to this condition, followed by other intra-oral factors such as unstimulated salivation volume, periodontal conditions, caries, fixed orthodontic brackets, or debris accumulation [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genuine halitosis indicates the presence of malodor as a result of dental investigations such as organoleptic tests with sulfur portable reading devices [ 7 ]. On the other hand, pseudo-halitosis and halitophobia cannot be measured objectively, being described only by a subjective complaint by the person who seeks medical help [ 2 , 9 ]. While genuine halitosis requires a set of measures to control it, pseudo-halitosis can be improved through simple oral hygiene measures [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regardless of its type, halitosis has a great impact on a person’s quality of life, making it difficult to navigate through social interactions, as it is a condition that is highly noticed by other individuals and close contacts, and less by the person that experiences it [ 2 , 10 ]. Following the social difficulties that arise from having this condition, people may experience a series of mental health problems, such as depressive or anxious symptoms, reduced self-esteem, and social isolation [ 6 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there is a growing number of systematic reviews and meta-analyses that focus on the prevalence of halitosis, its medical factors, and potential treatment [ 1 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ], only a few of them target the psychosocial aspects of this condition [ 10 , 12 ], although many studies state the major effect that it has on a person’s quality of life [ 6 , 9 , 11 ]. When it comes to younger populations, there are no systematic reviews that describe the psychosocial impact that halitosis has on this target group, although this segment of age can be very vulnerable when confronted with social interactions in their private life or in school settings [ 2 ]. Thus, the present review focuses on the emotional and social impact of halitosis on adolescents and young adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Emotional and Social Impact of Halitosis on Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Objectives: Halitosis is a condition characterized by unpleasant breath smell that is starting to receive serious scientific attention, considering it reflects on people’s social and personal life. While most studies focus on the prevalence of halitosis, its medical etiology, and the psychological impact on adults, there is a lack of evidence regarding the social impact of halitosis on the younger population. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to observe the social and emotional impact that halitosis has on adolescents and young adults. Materials and Methods: The review followed the PRISMA protocol, and four electronic databases (Scopus, Scholar, Web of Science, and ProQuest) were searched. From a total of 593 studies retrieved, only 6 were included in the study after assessing the eligibility criteria. Results: The main results showed that the levels of self-reported halitosis ranged from 23.1% to 77.5%, with an average of 44.7%, indicating a significant heterogeneity among the studies reporting this issue. Adolescents and young adults who experienced bad breath were feeling more anxious and depressed according to the non-standardized questionnaires and the standardized questionnaires (OHIP-14 and SCL-9-R). The respondents were isolated from social interactions and consequently had lower self-esteem and impaired quality of life. Conclusions: The conclusions drawn indicate the need for action on a medical level, as well as on a psychological level, in order to improve people’s oral health and help them navigate through the difficulties of maintaining social interactions as they live with halitosis.

show abstract

Is bad breath associated with dyspepsia? An association and an equivalence study

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Halitosis affects all populations worldwide. The presence of chronic halitosis may be related to a health problem. Patients with bad breath usually seek a gastroenterologist and, in some cases, invasive and expensive exams, such as digestive endoscopy, are performed to investigate the etiology of halitosis. This study aimed to investigate whether the prevalence of bad breath in patients diagnosed with dyspepsia (any pain or discomfort in the upper abdomen) is higher than or equivalent to that in non-dyspeptic patients. This is a cross-sectional study that included 312 patients from university hospitals in the city of Rio de Janeiro (141 dyspeptic patients and 171 non-dyspeptic ones). The presence of halitosis was defined based on different cutoff points. Association analyses were performed using a log-binomial model and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for the coefficients, adjusting for sex and age. The equivalence test (Westlake) was used to test the hypothesis of equivalence between the proportions of patients with bad breath in the two groups (dyspeptic vs. non-dyspeptic), considering an equivalence band of ± 15%. The prevalence of bad breath ranged from 30% to 64% according to the definition of bad breath. Dyspepsia was not associated with bad breath in any of the three definitions of bad breath (two specific ones and a sensitive one). The proportion of patients with marked bad breath was equivalent in patients with and without dyspepsia.

show abstract

Etiology of halitosis in pediatric dentistry

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Prevalence of Halitosis in Children and Associated Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Prevalence of Halitosis in Children and Associated Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Emotional and Social Impact of Halitosis on Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review

Is bad breath associated with dyspepsia? An association and an equivalence study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About