Etiology of Liver Cirrhosis in Mexico

Méndez-Sánchez, Nahúm; Aguilar-Ramírez, Juan Ramón; Reyes, Ángel Mario Duque; Dehesa, Margarita; Juárez, Alberto; Castañeda, Beatriz; Sánchez-Ávila, Francisco; Poo, Jorge Luis; González, Luis Guevara; Lizardi, Javier; Valdovinos, Miguel A.; Uribe, Misael; Contreras, Ana María Carmona; Tirado, Patricia; Aguirre, Jesús María; Rivera-Benitez, Cesar; Santiago-Santiago, Ramón; Bosques-Padilla, Francisco; Muñoz, Linda; Guerrero, Arnoldo; Ramos, M.H; Rodríguez-Hernández, Heriberto; Jacobo-Karam, Jannett

doi:10.1016/s1665-2681(19)32122-2

Cited by 78 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In Mexico, the proportion of women with HCV infection might be higher [5,16] than that reported in other countries [30][31][32], as is observed in several populations [10,17,18]. We found that the antecedent of surgeries was the most prevalent risk factor for HCV infection, followed by transfusion of blood products before 1993.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…In some populations, women appear to be not only the most affected gender with HCV infection [5,10,[16][17][18], but also a homogeneous group with respect to risk factors and clinical outcome [10,19,20]. We aimed to describe the risk factors associated with HCV infection and events related to blood transfusion prior to the screening program for HCV in Mexican blood banks, in women currently seroreactive to anti-HCV antibodies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Routes of infection and clinical outcome of Mexican women reactive to anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies

Chiquete

Sánchez

Panduro

2006

Hepatology Research

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Routes of infection and clinical outcome of Mexican women reactive to anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies

Chiquete

Sánchez

Panduro

2006

Hepatology Research

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“…[7] c Ref. [35] workers [62][63][64][65][66][67], females sex workers [68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75], patients with liver diseases [29,40,76,77], hemodialysis patients [78,79], emergency department attendees [80], and psychiatric patients [81] are depicted in Table 2. The estimates from the native Mexican population [82][83][84] are also included in this group based on an HBsAg seroprevalence higher than the general population and blood donors.…”

Section: High-risk Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From 1992 to 2002, the Mexican Health Secretariat registered an average of 13,688 new cases of cirrhosis per year [103], whereas in a national multicenter study, HBV infection accounted for 5.2% of all cases of liver cirrhosis [29]. Such low prevalence of HBV infection is associated with a very low incidence of HCC in Mexico City [27] and the west of the country [28], which are the main population regions.…”

Section: Age-related Incidence Prevalence Of Hbv Infection and Hccmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This raises the question about the number of acutely or chronically HBV-infected people in the country, the main risk factors involved in infection transmission, and the prevalence of HBV-related liver diseases and complications. To answer this question, it will be also important to understand why hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rare in Mexico [27,28] considering the fact that the main causes of liver cirrhosis are alcohol, followed by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and, only in 5.2% of the cases, HBV [29]. Although obesity along its associated metabolic complications is currently a main health problem in Mexico [30], the burden of their pathophysiological states in the development of liver disease is relatively unknown.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A low steady HBsAg seroprevalence is associated with a low incidence of HBV-related liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in Mexico: a systematic review

et al. 2008

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To address the relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemicity and HBV-related liver diseases in Mexico. Research literature reporting on HBsAg and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) prevalence in Mexican study groups were searched in NLM Gateway, PubMed, IMBIOMED, and others. Weighted mean prevalence (WMP) was calculated from the results of each study group. A total of 50 studies were analyzed. Three nationwide surveys revealed an HBsAg seroprevalence of less than 0.3%. Horizontal transmission of HBV infection occurred mainly by sexual activity and exposure to both contaminated surgical equipment and body fluids. High-risk groups exposed to these factors included healthcare workers, pregnant women, female sex workers, hemodialysis patients, and emergency department attendees with an HBsAg WMP ranging from 1.05% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.68-1.43) to 14.3% (95% CI, 9.5-19.1). A higher prevalence of anti-HBc in adults than those younger than 20 years was associated with the main risk factors. Anti-HBc WMP ranged from 3.13% (95% CI, 3.01-3.24) in blood donors to 27.7% (95% CI, 21.6-33.9) in hemodialysis patients. A heterogeneous distribution of HBV infection was detected, mainly in native Mexican groups with a high anti-HBc WMP of 42.0% (95% CI, 39.5-44.3) but with a low HBsAg WMP of 2.9% (95% CI 2.08-3.75). Estimations of the Mexican population growth rate and main risk factors suggest that HBsAg seroprevalence has remained steady since 1974. A low HBsAg prevalence is related to the low incidence of HBV-related liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) previously reported in Mexico.

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Clinical evaluation of serum alpha‐fetoprotein–IgM immune complexes on the diagnosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma

Jiang

et al. 2009

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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We evaluated clinical significance of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-IgM immune complexes, in comparison with free AFP, on the diagnosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Serum levels of AFP-IgM immune complexes and free AFP were determined by the ELISA method and electrochemiluminescence, respectively, in 103 healthy controls, 74 patients suffering from primary HCC, 27 patients suffering from liver cirrhosis, and 63 patients suffering from chronic hepatitis. The best cut-off value of AFP-IgM and free AFP for diagnosis of primary HCC were 300 AU/mL and 10 microg/L respectively, according to the area under the curve (AUC) in this study. The sensitivity of AFP-IgM and free AFP were 64.9 and 79.7%, and the specificity were 75.6 and 80.3%, respectively, when all cases of primary HCC were analyzed, and the AUC of free AFP was larger than that of AFP-IgM (0.85 vs. 0.72, Z=3.21). However, in case of primary HCC at early stages (stages I and II) were analyzed, the AUC of AFP-IgM was larger than that of free AFP (0.91 vs. 0.82, Z=1.73), which demonstrated that the sensitivity of AFP-IgM and free AFP were 94.4 and 72.2%, and the specificity were 81.9 and 79.9%, respectively. When both AFP-IgM and free AFP were positive, the specificity of diagnosis of primary HCC was 89.1%, and the efficacy was 79.0%. It is concluded that either sensitivity or specificity of serum level of AFP-IgM immune complexes was higher than that of free AFP in the diagnosis of primary HCC at early stages. As there was false positive AFP-IgM existed in the patients suffering from cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis, the combination of free AFP and AFP-IgM could significantly increase specificity and decrease false negative and/or false positive in the primary HCC at early stages.

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Etiology of Liver Cirrhosis in Mexico

Cited by 78 publications

References 19 publications

Routes of infection and clinical outcome of Mexican women reactive to anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies

Routes of infection and clinical outcome of Mexican women reactive to anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies

A low steady HBsAg seroprevalence is associated with a low incidence of HBV-related liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in Mexico: a systematic review

Clinical evaluation of serum alpha‐fetoprotein–IgM immune complexes on the diagnosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma

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