Etiology, seasonality, and clinical characteristics of respiratory viruses in children with respiratory tract infections in Eastern India (Bhubaneswar, Odisha)

Abstract

Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in young children in low and middle income countries. To analyse the overall burden of respiratory viruses responsible for ARTIs in paediatrics population in eastern India, this study was performed. Clinical information, demographic information and nasal/oral swabs were collected from 332 paediatric patients (aged from 1 month to 12 years old) with the symptoms of ARTI, enrolled from the outpatient department from Nov 2012 to Oct 2014. Multiplex PCR was performed to detect eight respiratory viral pathogens. Seasonal, as well as age-wise prevalence of respiratory viruses was analysed. Of these 332 cases, 32.53% (108/332) were positive for at least one pathogen. Human rhinovirus (HRV) was the most frequently detected pathogen (24.7%, 82/332) followed by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (4.22%, 14/332), PIV (2.11%, 7/332), and hMPV (2.11%, 7/332). Single infection was detected in 92.6% (100/108) of positive cases. Respiratory virus infections showed seasonal variation, with peaks during the rainy season followed by winter season, and were most common in patients under 1 year of age. Phylogenetic analysis of HMPV positive samples confirmed the circulation of A2 subgroup in the study area. The present study is first of its kind and adds to our knowledge of the epidemiological characteristics of these common respiratory viruses among patients with ARTIs in the study area. J. Med. Virol. 89:553-558, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Viral Agents Causing Acute Respiratory Infections in Children under Five: A Study from Eastern India

“…Of 13 patients who died, 10 were because of coinfection. Similar findings have been observed by authors from India and abroad [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

“…In the study by Yeolekar et al, RSV was the most frequently detected virus (26%) from hospitalised children presenting as ALRI followed by IFV (5.4%), PIV (2.07%), and ADV (0.8%) [19]. Panda et al recently found RV as the most frequently detected pathogen (24.7%) followed by RSV (4.22%), PIV (2.11%), and hMPV (2.11%) in children with ARI from Eastern India [20]. In the present study, we found RV as the second most important agent to RSV causing ARI in young infants and children.…”

“…However, there may be some difference in the seasonality. Most of the studies report increased incidence of acute respiratory infection (both URI and LRI) during winter and fall season [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. This is because of the following sequence of events: decrease in air temperature causing decrease in the nasal airway temperature (compromised cooling of the nasal airway) leading to poor defence against infection (because of decrease mucociliary clearance and phagocytosis) [31].…”

Epidemiology of human respiratory viruses in children with acute respiratory tract infection in a 3-year hospital-based survey in Northern Italy

“…ARTI prevalence in children varies by geographic area, season, and year (Goktas and Sirin, 2016;Moura et al, 2009;Panda et al, 2017). Recent Italian data are limited, apart from those relating to influenza (Pariani et al, 2015;Trucchi et al, 2017).…”

Respiratory Tract Viral Infections and Coinfections Identified by Anyplex™ II RV16 Detection Kit in Pediatric Patients at a Riyadh Tertiary Care Hospital

“…Coinfections with different multiple viruses were reported in 15% to 61% of patients. [6][7][8][9]. Molecular techniques such as multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are widely used for the detection and identification of respiratory viruses [10][11][12] and are helpful in the management and treatment 2 BioMed Research International of respiratory infections [13].…”