Etiopathologic Findings of Canine Hypothyroidism

Graham, Peter; Refsal, Kent R.; Rf, Nachreiner

doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2007.05.002

Cited by 80 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…hormone supplementation [20]. Because a complete However, 2-d chocardiography is highly specific and sensitive diagnostic aid to ascertain the involvement of turnover of protein occurs in the heart approximately cardiovascular system and to assess the therapeutic every three weeks [21], the 6 months period of response. Once diagnosed, supplementation of ACE levothyroxine administration in the present study inhibitors along with the specific thyroid supplements seems adequate to allow resolution of most of the helps to resolve the disorder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothyroidism - A cause for dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs; four year study 2008-2011

Karlapudi¹,

Srikala²,

Rao³

2012

Vet World

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Aim : The study was carried out to understand the thyroid dysfunction and its association with dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs. Materials and Methods: The study was done at Teaching Veterinary Hospital, Bhoiguda, College of Veterinary Science, Hyderabad for four years, i.e., from 2008 to 2011. A total of 256 dogs of various breed, age and sex were presented with typical skin and coat abnormalities. Few were also exhibiting signs of low metabolic rate. Skin sample analysis was done to rule out the causes of dermatitis. Thyroid profile was estimated to diagnose hypothyroidism. Selected cases were also subjected for echocardiography to study the association of cardiomyopathy. Based on thyroid profile, hypothyroid dogs were treated with levothyroxine @20mcg/kg wt, once daily, orally on empty stomach and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) associated patients were additionally supplemented with enalapril @0.5 mg/kg, twice daily, orally for 6 months. The hemato biochemical and echocardiographic aspects are discussed. Results: The classical signs that were recorded in almost all the thyroid dysfunction dogs (231) were bilateral alopecia, rat tail and pigmentation and whereas, dyspnoea at rest, exercise intolerance, obesity, pale mucosae and corneal lipidosis were the significant low metabolic rate signs noticed in 42 dogs. However, syncope and seizures were also recorded in 31 of these hypothyroid dogs. Echocardiographic evaluation revealed significantly (P<0.01) increased LVEDd and LVEDs along with decreased IVS and LVPW both at systole and diastole among 33 dogs. Normocytic, normochromic and non-regenerative anemia and significantly (P<0.05) low T3, fT4, tT4 along with elevated serum cholesterol, triglycerides, TSH, CKMB, LDH and ALP were the hemato -biochemical findings among these dogs. After the initiation of therapy, improvement in clinical signs was noticed from day 7 and complete clinical recovery by the end of therapy. However, a non significant improvement was recorded with respect to left ventricle dimensions. Conclusions: From the present study it may be concluded that thyroid dysfunction is presented by manifestations of two different systems, i.e., skin and coat and metabolic abnormalities. Echocardiography is the more sensitive diagnostic aid to ascertain the involvement of cardiovascular system and to assess the therapeutic response. Further, supplementation of ACE inhibitors along with the specific thyroid supplements helps to resolve the disorder.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothyroidism - A cause for dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs; four year study 2008-2011

Karlapudi¹,

Srikala²,

Rao³

2012

Vet World

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“…Antibodies against thyroid hormones, thyroglobulin, or microsomal cells of the gland can be found in the serum. Thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb s ) significantly prevail in dogs; they are found even in 60% of lymphocytic thyroiditis (3,11,15). The process is long, and damage of follicular cells and organ fibrosis are the effect of inflammation development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, the presentation of the antigen of follicular thyroid cells to T lymphocytes takes place in MHC class II, what results in cellular and humoral response against the thyroid. Auto-antibodies against thyroid hormones (to a smaller degree), against thyroid peroxidase (in small degree), and against thyroglobulin (in significant majority) are created (3,9,(11)(12)(13)(14)29). Idiopathic atrophy may be also the cause of the atrophy of thyroid glandular cells, which results in the substitution of thyroid parenchyma with fatty tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, an antigen complex protein-hormone is created. Tg contains large sub-units T4 and T3 which may provide antigen sites, which induce antibody formation (3,11,27). It has been noted that TgAb s are present together with the antibodies against T3 and T4 hormones (3,10,12,27).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was proven in humans, that e.g. viral thyroid infection may cause excessive production of γ-interferon by thyroid lymphocytes because of suppressor T lymphocytes (Ts) defect (3,9,(11)(12)(13). Because of the influence of γ-interferon, the thyroid follicular cells begin to produce MHC class II antigens and expose them on their surface, whereas normally these antigens are present only on macrophages, some B lymphocytes, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and endothelium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Usefulness of measuring the concentration of thyroglobulin antibodies in serum of dogs for the assessment of thyroid functioning

Popiel

Cekiera

2014

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy

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The aim of the study was to estimate the usefulness of measuring the thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb s ) concentration in dogs' serum in order to assess thyroid functioning. The study was performed on 383 dogs. The animals were divided into two groups: group A (n = 308) consisted of dogs with hypothyroidism and group B (n = 75) consisted of dogs with euthyreosis. TgAb s was determined in both groups. The reaction to the TgAb s in group A was strongly positive in 32% of dogs, weakly positive in 33% of dogs, and negative in 35% of dogs. The TgAb s were observed in 32% of the dogs from group B, in which 8% of the animals had strongly positive reaction (++) and 24% -slightly positive (+). The correlation between the concentration of total and free fraction of the thyroxin and the level of the TgAb s were observed in group A. The tendency to positive reaction to the antibodies (++) in dogs with lower concentrations of total thyroxine and free thyroxine was observed. It was noted that the presence of the TgAb s was common in dogs with hypothyroidism. However, it could be also found in the animals with euthyreosis.

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References

2018

Breed Predispositions to Disease in Dogs and Cats

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Etiopathologic Findings of Canine Hypothyroidism

Cited by 80 publications

References 38 publications

Hypothyroidism - A cause for dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs; four year study 2008-2011

Hypothyroidism - A cause for dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs; four year study 2008-2011

Usefulness of measuring the concentration of thyroglobulin antibodies in serum of dogs for the assessment of thyroid functioning

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