Étude des matières organiques du sol d’occupation acheuléen de l’unité archéostratigraphique UA 27 de la grotte du Lazaret

Azémard, Clara; Lumley, Henry de; Khatib, Samir; Saos, Thibaud; Lebeau, Diane; Aychet, Nicolas; Lucas-Lamouroux, Christine

doi:10.1016/j.anthro.2013.08.002

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The researchers suggested that the hearth produced low-temperature smoke intended mostly for meat preservation (Falguères, De Lumley & Bischoff 1992;Valensi et al 2013). In addition, in layer 26, four small hearths, 20-30 cm in diameter, were found in areas T15, R14, Q13, and P12 located at about 13 m from the entrance; for an illustration of this hearth, see Figure 1 in Azemard et al (2013). The hearths in both layers are located in the center of the cave.…”

Section: Examples Of Paleolithic Caves With Hearthsmentioning

confidence: 94%

The Significance of Air Circulation and Hearth Location at Paleolithic Cave Sites

Kedar

Barkai

2019

Open Quaternary

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Hearths were constructed and used at Paleolithic cave and rockshelter sites in Africa, Europe and Asia as early as the late Lower Paleolithic period. The advantages of the use of fire have been widely researched for the last decades. However, only a few studies have focused on the possible negative impact of the use of fire within closed spaces, such as caves. One of the major negative fire products is smoke, which has an immediate, as well as long-term, effect on humans and may even prevent cave occupation after a short period. In this study we propose a basic air circulation model based on thermodynamics to represent smoke ventilation in caves. We employ this model to shed light on the relationship between smoke dispersal and cave structure, opening dimensions, hearth characteristics, and seasonal temperature fluctuations. We further show that hearth location was crucial in allowing humans to occupy prehistoric caves while using fire on a regular basis. We present preliminary insights from specific case studies, demonstrating the potential of understanding smoke ventilation in reconstructing the hearth season of use and location within the cave.

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Section: Examples Of Paleolithic Caves With Hearthsmentioning

confidence: 94%

The Significance of Air Circulation and Hearth Location at Paleolithic Cave Sites

Kedar

Barkai

2019

Open Quaternary

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“…March et al, 1989;March, 1995) in order to characterize the organic content of sediment or stones associated with fireplaces has become relatively frequent (e.g. Buonasera, 2005;Lucquin, 2007;2017;Kedrowski et al, 2009;Sistiaga Gutiérrez et al, 2010;Azemard et al, 2013;Hérisson et al, 2013;March, 2013;Buonasera et al, 2015;Choy et al, 2016). These different analyses highlighted the preservation of organic material over long periods of time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The organic signature of an experimental meat-cooking fireplace: The identification of nitrogen compounds and their archaeological potential

Lejay

Alexis

Quénéa

et al. 2019

Organic Geochemistry

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A better understanding of the operation and use of prehistoric fires is fundamental to interpreting the organization of living spaces. Following a previous study that focused on the organic signatures of fireplaces fueled with wood and/or bones, this study targeted the completion of an experimental reference database through the addition of a wood-fueled fireplace dedicated to the cooking of meat. Different sedimentary features of this experimental fireplace were visually identified (e.g. darkening, reddening), sampled, and subjected to geochemical analysis. Corg and N contents were quantified, samples were extracted with organic solvents and analyzed through GC-MS and bulk organic matter was characterized through py(TMAH)-GC-MS. Five different samples were studied and compared with a control sample, representative of the local background. A significant increase of Corg and N contents was measured for the three samples presenting darkened or charred caracteristics. The meat-cooking fireplace seems to be characterized by the strong contribution of nitrogen, which was visible in elementary analyses as well as in the molecular composition of solvent extracts, and bulk organic matter. More specifically, compounds containing nitrile functions, amides, N-heterocyclic and N-aromatic compounds could be detected in solvent extracts. Amines, amides, N-heterocyclic and Naromatic compounds could be identified in py(TMAH)-GC-MS. Some of these compounds present a relative stability in soils and could therefore aid in our comprehension and functional interpretations of archaeological fireplaces, and may, more particularly, make it possible to highlight the use of fireplaces for the cooking of meat.

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Setting fire in a Paleolithic Cave: The influence of cave dimensions on smoke dispersal

Kedar

Kedar²,

Barkai

2020

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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Étude des matières organiques du sol d’occupation acheuléen de l’unité archéostratigraphique UA 27 de la grotte du Lazaret

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

The Significance of Air Circulation and Hearth Location at Paleolithic Cave Sites

The Significance of Air Circulation and Hearth Location at Paleolithic Cave Sites

The organic signature of an experimental meat-cooking fireplace: The identification of nitrogen compounds and their archaeological potential

Setting fire in a Paleolithic Cave: The influence of cave dimensions on smoke dispersal

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