Etudes ethnomédicinale, phytochimie et activité antioxydante de Crateva adansonii DC (Capparidaceae) dans les communes de Cotonou et de Dassa-Zoumè au Benin

Abstract

Crateva adansonii constitue l’une des espèces prisées au sein de la population béninoise pour ses nombreuses vertus thérapeutiques et nutritionnelles. La présente étude intitulée a été initiée pour garantir et promouvoir une meilleure utilisation de Crateva adansonii dans le traitement des maladies. L’étude ethnomédicinale a été réalisée au moyen des interviews semi structuré auprès des herboristes et des consommateurs de Cotonou et de Dassa. Le screening phytochimique a été effectué par chromatographie sur couche mince (CCM) doublé du dosage spectrophotométrique des métabolites secondaires. Les méthodes FRAP et DPPH ont servi à la détermination du pouvoir antioxydant et la CI 50% a été calculée. Les enquêtés ethnomédicinales ont montré que Crateva adansonii s’utilise au Bénin aussi bien à des fins thérapeutiques, alimentaire que médico-magique. La forme galénique de ses organes les plus utilisées (tiges feuillées) est la décoction par voie orale. La phytochimie a révélé, en plus des principaux groupes phytochimiques (composés phénoliques, composés azotés, composés stéroïdes et terpénoïdes et mucilages), la présence des huiles essentielles, des lignanes et des pigments anthocyaniques. Dans la gamme de concentrations utilisées (0,23 – 30 µg.ml-1), le pouvoir antioxydant de l’extrait varie de 5 – 58% (méthode DPPH) et de 23,01 à 34,06mMolEAA/g (méthode FRAP). Quant au dosage des métabolites secondaires, l’extrait éthanolique de Crateva adansonii renferme respectivement 12,85 mg Eq Cat/100 mg de tannins totaux, 29,64 mg Eq Quer/100 mg de flavonoïdes totaux et 3,51 mg Eq ac. Galic/100 mg de phénoliques totaux. Mignanwandé et al., 2020 Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences (J.Anim.Plant Sci. ISSN 2071-7024) Vol.46 (1): 8071-8089 https://doi.org/10.35759/JAnmPlSci.v46-1.2 8072 ABSTRACT Crateva adansonii is one of the species prized by the Beninese population for its many therapeutic and nutritional benefits. This titled study was initiated to ensure and promote better use of Crateva adansonii in the treatment of diseases. The ethnomedicinal study was carried out through semi-structured interviews with herbalists and consumers in Cotonou and Dassa. The phytochemical screening was carried out by thin layer chromatography (TLC) coupled with the spectrophotometric assay of the secondary metabolites. The FRAP and DPPH methods were used to determine the antioxidant power and the IC 50% was calculated. Ethnomedicinal surveys have shown that Crateva adansonii is used in Benin for therapeutic, nutritional and medico-magical purposes. The dosage form of its most widely used organs (leafy stems) is the oral decoction. Phytochemistry revealed, in addition to the main phytochemical groups (phenolic compounds, nitrogen compounds, steroid and terpenoids compounds and mucilages), the presence of essential oils, lignans and anthocyanin pigments. In the range of concentrations used (0.23 - 30 µg.ml-1), the antioxidant power of the extract varies from 5 - 58% (DPPH method) and from 23.01 to 34.06 mMolEAA / g (FRAP method). As for the determination of secondary metabolites, the ethanolic extract of Crateva adansonii contains respectively 12.85 mg Eq Cat / 100 mg of total tannins, 29.64 mg Eq Quer / 100 mg of total flavonoids and 3.51 mg Eq ac. Galic / 100 mg total phenolics.

Reversion of bacterial resistance of Ocimum gratissimum (Lamiaceae) on bacterial strains isolated from chronic wounds diagnosed in the district of Ouinhi in Benin

“…By way of comparison, this MIC range (78.10 -4 mg.ml -1 ≤ MIC(Extract-ATB) ≤ 1mg.ml -1 ) obtained for the binary Extract-ATB combination is higher than those reported by Houéto et al [33] , Kpetehoto et al [34] then Mignanwandé et al [35] respectively with extracts of Momordica charantia (7.8μg.ml -1 ≤ MIC ≤ 250μg.ml -1 ), Ocimum gratissimum (7.8μg.ml -1 ≤ MIC ≤ 31.5μg.ml -1 ), and Crateva adansonii (1, 25 -2.5 mg/ml, 6.25 -12.5 mg/ml and 1.5 -5 mg/ml). These differences in results can be explained by the origin of the samples, harvesting periods, flowering and, above all, the germs tested.…”

Antibacterial Properties of <i>Crateva adansonii</i> (Capparidaceae) on Strains Isolated from Chronic Wounds Diagnosed in the Commune of Ouinhi in 2021

“…One of the most widely used medicinal plants in Benin and elsewhere is Crateva adansonii (Capparidaceae). Phytochemical studies carried out on this plant have revealed that it contains the main phytochemical compounds, such as alkaloids, coumarins, anthracene derivatives, flavonoids, essential oils, lignans, anthocyanin pigments, tannins and triterpenes [4]. It also contains secondary metabolites such as total tannins, total flavonoids and total phenolics in varying proportions, and has antioxidant properties that vary according to the concentration of the extract [4] [5].…”

“…Phytochemical studies carried out on this plant have revealed that it contains the main phytochemical compounds, such as alkaloids, coumarins, anthracene derivatives, flavonoids, essential oils, lignans, anthocyanin pigments, tannins and triterpenes [4]. It also contains secondary metabolites such as total tannins, total flavonoids and total phenolics in varying proportions, and has antioxidant properties that vary according to the concentration of the extract [4] [5]. Research by [5] [6] [7] has also shown that Crateva adansonii has antibacterial properties against germs commonly identified in skin and digestive disorders, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.…”