Etudes ultrastructurales et cytochimiques des tissus superficiels placés à l'entrée des urnes d'<i>Utricularia</i>(Lentibulariacées)

Broussaud, F.; Vintéjoux, Colette

doi:10.1080/01811797.1982.10824543

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…We have also detected phosphatase activity in some pavement hairs in Utricularia species. These hairs might possess transfer cells and participate in excreting water from the traps (Sydenham and Findlay, 1975;Broussaud and Vintéjoux, 1982;Fineran, 1985;Sasago and Sibaoka, 1985;Płachno and Jankun, 2004;. Finally, we suggest that the activity of phosphatases in internal hairs (bifids and quadrifids) is coupled both with prey digestion and transport of water and ions, but in the typical pavement hairs, it is mainly associated with water and ion transport.…”

Section: Phosphatases Are Common In All Lentibulariaceaementioning

confidence: 80%

Fluorescence Labelling of Phosphatase Activity in Digestive Glands of Carnivorous Plants

et al. 2006

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A new ELF (enzyme labelled fluorescence) assay was applied to detect phosphatase activity in glandular structures of 47 carnivorous plant species, especially Lentibulariaceae, in order to understand their digestive activities. We address the following questions: (1) Are phosphatases produced by the plants and/or by inhabitants of the traps? (2) Which type of hairs/glands is involved in the production of phosphatases? (3) Is this phosphatase production a common feature among carnivorous plants or is it restricted to evolutionarily advanced species? Our results showed activity of the phosphatases in glandular structures of the majority of the plants tested, both from the greenhouse and from sterile culture. In addition, extracellular phosphatases can also be produced by trap inhabitants. In Utricularia, activity of phosphatase was detected in internal glands of 27 species from both primitive and advanced sections and different ecological groups. Further positive reactions were found in Genlisea, Pinguicula, Aldrovanda, Dionaea, Drosera, Drosophyllum, Nepenthes, and Cephalotus. In Utricularia and Genlisea, enzymatic secretion was independent of stimulation by prey. Byblis and Roridula are usually considered as "proto-carnivores", lacking digestive enzymes. However, we found high activity of phosphatases in both species. Thus, they should be classified as true carnivores. We suggest that the inflorescence of Byblis and some Pinguicula species might also be an additional "carnivorous organ", which can trap a prey, digest it, and finally absorb available nutrients.

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Section: Phosphatases Are Common In All Lentibulariaceaementioning

confidence: 80%

Fluorescence Labelling of Phosphatase Activity in Digestive Glands of Carnivorous Plants

et al. 2006

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“…In Utricularia traps, a part of the pumped water is probably expelled from the cells of the trichomes of pavement epithelium (Sasago and Sibaoka, 1985a; Fineran, 1985; Adamec, 2018). This is associated with the occurrence of transfer cells in these trichomes (Broussaud and Vintéjoux, 1982; Fineran, 1985; Heide-Jørgensen, 1989; Płachno et al, 2005). In both U. multifida and U. westonii , we also found these cells in the trichomes of pavement epithelium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Trap Architecture of Utricularia multifida and Utricularia westonii (subg. Polypompholyx)

et al. 2019

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Utricularia are carnivorous plants which have small hollow vesicles as suction traps that work underwater by means of negative pressure and watertightness of the entrance for capturing small animal prey. Utricularia multifida and U. westonii have specific thick-walled traps, which are triangular in a transverse section but their functioning is unclear. Some authors suggest that the trap door in U. multifida acts as a simple valve without a suction trapping mechanism. Our main aim was to check the anatomical trap characters that are responsible for possible water outflow and maintaining negative pressure as main functional parts of the active trap suction mechanism in both species. Using different microscopic techniques, we investigated the ultrastructure of external trap glands, quadrifids, glands near the entrance (bifids, monofids), and also pavement epithelium. Quadrifids of both species have a similar structure to those known in other species from the genus, which possess the suction trap mechanism. Glands near the entrance in U. multifida and U. westonii , which are responsible for water pumping in other species, are typically developed as in other species in the genus and have pedestal cells which are transfer cells. The transfer cells also occur in glands of the pavement epithelium, which is again typically developed as in other species in the genus. Simple biophysical tests did not confirm reliably neither the negative underpressure formation in the traps nor the watertightness of the entrance in both species. Our anatomical results indirectly support the hypothesis that both species have suction traps like all other Utricularia species, but the biophysical data rather suggest a passive valve mechanism.

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“…It consists of two parts: the cushion-like structure of connected balloon-like cuticles that run along the whole outer region and, connected to this cushion, the membrane emerging from cells of the middle region. The putatively ‘sticky’ (see below) velum is hypothesized to cling to the free edge of the closed trapdoor and hence to play a mechanical role in trapdoor movement and to help for maintaining the trap sealed watertight ( Lloyd 1935 , 1942 ; Broussaud and Vintéjoux 1982 ; Fineran 1985 ). Kurz (1960) argues that the velum consists of swollen cell membrane without cytoplasm, whereas Lloyd (1942) and Heide-Jørgensen (1991) suppose the velum to consist of a stretched protocuticle.…”

Section: Functional Morphology Of Traps Of the U Vulgaris mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The trapdoor can no longer resist the water pressure and opens. According to the physiological hypothesis, the trigger hairs are analogues to the sensory hairs of the Venus flytrap ( D. muscipula ) and waterwheel plant ( A. vesiculosa ) (both Droseraceae) ( Brocher 1912 ; Ekambaram 1924 ; Withycombe 1924 ; Kruck 1931 ; Diannelidis and Umrath 1953 ; Sydenham and Findlay 1973 ; Broussaud and Vintéjoux 1982 ). In this scenario, a mechanical stimulus on the hairs results in the generation of an electrical signal that is transduced over the trapdoor and leads to cell contraction ( Kruck 1931 ), respectively turgor changes ( Ekambaram 1924 ), followed by trapdoor deformation and finally trapdoor opening.…”

Section: Functional Morphology Of Traps Of the U Vulgaris mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fastest predators in the plant kingdom: functional morphology and biomechanics of suction traps found in the largest genus of carnivorous plants

Poppinga¹,

Weisskopf²,

Westermeier³

et al. 2015

AoB PLANTS

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How can plants move without muscles, nerves and technical hinge analogies? Carnivorous bladderworts (Utricularia spp., Lentibulariaceae) perform one of the fastest movements known in the plant kingdom by capturing their prey (mainly small crustaceans) with suction traps. Capture lasts only half a millisecond, and animals are sucked into the trap with an acceleration of 600 g, which leaves no chance of escape. We review the current state of knowledge about these sophisticated trapping devices, highlight their biomechanical, functional-morphological and physiological peculiarities and discuss open questions for possible future studies.

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Etudes ultrastructurales et cytochimiques des tissus superficiels placés à l'entrée des urnes d'Utricularia(Lentibulariacées)

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Fluorescence Labelling of Phosphatase Activity in Digestive Glands of Carnivorous Plants

Fluorescence Labelling of Phosphatase Activity in Digestive Glands of Carnivorous Plants

The Trap Architecture of Utricularia multifida and Utricularia westonii (subg. Polypompholyx)

Fastest predators in the plant kingdom: functional morphology and biomechanics of suction traps found in the largest genus of carnivorous plants

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