EU Battlegroups: High costs, no benefits

Abstract

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Differentiated cooperation as the mode of governance in EU foreign policy

“…41.1, are a clear example of this distinctive manifestation of differentiated cooperation (Leruth, 2023). This instrument however, despite being formally existent, has never been activated either (Reykers, 2017).…”

AVRUPA ORDUSU ve NATO İKİLEMİ

“…[177] (Reykers, 2017). 2007'den itibaren daha da etkin hale getirilen AB Muharebe Gruplarının sayısı halen 17'ye ulaşmış olup, bu gruplardan ikisi olası bir görev için her an hazır durumda tutulmaktadır.…”

Multinational rapid response mechanisms: Past promises and future prospects

“…Cooperation is hence inherently confronted with a risk of competition. Reykers (2017) highlights in that regard the constant calculation of political and economic risks, as well as of political capital that can be gained or lost among domestic and international audiences when deciding whether to contribute troops. Darkwa (2017) similarly details the political "tug-of-war" over two different rapid deployment mechanisms on the African continent.…”

“…She notes that although the recent deployment of troops to Gambia can be considered a success, this will still be contingent upon further financial support and doctrinal development of the African Standby Force, as well as aligning political interests at the sub-regional and AU Peace and Security Council level. Reykers (2017) subsequently offers a discussion of the disappointing history of the EU Battlegroups. He highlights how the Battlegroups' lack of deployment has been the result of the standby nations' constant calculation of the high financial and political costs and limited benefits of deployment.…”