“…In recent years, the morphology-controlled synthesis of Y 2 O 3 and doped Y 2 O 3 has drawn intensive interest. A variety of methods, such as gas-phase condensation [16], coprecipitation method [17], electrochemical synthesis [18], sol-gel [19], pyrolysis [20], solid-to liquid-phase chemical route [21], combustion method [22], and hydrothermal/solvothermal method [23][24][25][26][27][28][29], have been employed to tailor the morphology and size of Y 2 O 3 and doped Y 2 O 3 . To date, various morphologies of Y 2 O 3 and doped Y 2 O 3 such as nanotubes [18,23], nanowires or nanorods [4,24], hollow microspheres [20,25], nanobelts [21], nanodisks [26], trilobal microprisms [27], nano/micro-sheets [24], microspheres [28], have been prepared.…”