Euphemism &amp; Dysphemism: Language Used as Shield and Weapon

Battistella, Edwin; Allan, Keith; Burridge, Kate

doi:10.2307/416552

Cited by 43 publications

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“…The third adjective is faḥshā`, which means 'demonic'. Allan & Burridge (1991) categorize this euphemism as a bad or scary expression.…”

Section: Findings and Discussion Diction Types In Euphemism Language ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual Euphemistic Expressions of The Holy Quran: A Sociolinguistic Approach

Muzakki

2022

nalans

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Language reflects the environment and culture, and it also represents a dialectic expression between the author and the social condition. The language of the Quran undergoes a dialectic process along with various factors around, by socio-historical (asbāb al-nuzūl) and situational (asbāb al-dhurūf) context. This study aimed to discover the contextual and situational background, referring to the diction, language style, or euphemism of the Quran regarding the relationship of husband and wife. It employed sociolinguistic approach as language was a prominent medium for cultural heritage discovery and apprehension. It found that the Quran exercised the use of adjective, verb, and verb phrase to demonstrate expressive and referential function, and to avoid taboo words. It also pointed out that Arabic society in the pre-Islamic era geographically and culturally lived within an unconducive environment. They enjoyed nomadic lifestyle, unwilling to be bounded by rules. Therefore, the Quran used subtle dictions when it came to the topic of spouse relationship. the Quran employed 18 types of diction in 8 surahs, mainly discussing about: 1) disobeying commands, 2) telling the story of the Muslims’ habits in the past, 3) giving suggestion after enforcing prohibition, and 4) providing explanation about women in nature. The subtle diction was intended to avoid any filthy imagination and lust among the Arabs back then.

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“…The third adjective is faḥshā`, which means 'demonic'. Allan & Burridge (1991) categorize this euphemism as a bad or scary expression.…”

Section: Findings and Discussion Diction Types In Euphemism Language ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It refers to the action of 'stepping in one's business without being invited'. The function of the whole verb euphemisms is to avoid or to soften words perceived to be taboo regarding sexual expression (Allan & Burridge, 1991).…”

Section: Verb Euphemismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Euphemistic Expressions of The Holy Quran: A Sociolinguistic Approach

Muzakki

2022

nalans

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“…The expanding interest in fear and victim also contributed to an audience that played with repeated reports as their dramatic effect of fear and dread in our lives (Altheide, 2006). Battistella, Allan, & Burridge (1993) refer the number of specific fear such as death, disease, corruption, less of the loved ones, war as 'the great taboo subject'. Fear has affected the human mind, a long attachment to our belief surrounding disease and death.…”

Section: Rhetoric Of Fearmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can be concluded that orthophemism and euphemism are strategies to express politeness. Battistella et al (1993) concluded that orthophemism and euphemisms arise both from consciousness as well as self-sensory unconsciousness. Both are used by speakers to avoid embarrassing treatment or hurt the speaker and the third person who is a listener, as a speaker effort in maintaining politeness.…”

Section: Rhetoric Of Fearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fear Rhetoric in the Online News Discourse on the Covid-19 Pandemic in Teun Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis

Rovino

Afifah

Wardani³

2021

JELC

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The news media, once thought to be only as a tool of information delivery, has subtly shifted its roles as an agent of (de)constructing thoughts, introducing, or denoting fear especially in appalling news. This raises a question whether the news on the COVID-19 pandemic is only for transmitting news updates on the pandemic condition or agenda-driven. However, research tapping into the imbued messages in language complexity in this context seems minimal. This study aims to uncover the language elements that sign fear in a news text. This research focuses on how fear is imbued in three online English-language newspaper articles in Indonesia published by the Jakarta Post, thereby the rhetoric of fear. The three articles discussed the spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia. In this study, CDA is devised to reveal the traces of fear-embedded language choices found in the three online newspaper articles. Researchers used the critical analysis discourse model of Teun A. Van Dijk (1993) and the three elements of discourse (1993): micro, macro, and superstructure. Findings indicated that there were common uses of euphemism, dysphemism, and orthophemism to refine the language being conveyed. This study classified euphemism into five objectives: (1) evasive maneuver to prevent mass panic; (2) speech refinement to soften offence, insults, and/ or other language expressions that may result to humiliation; (3) diplomacy tool; (4) language replacement for taboo or vulgar language choices or those endowed with negative connotation (5) tool for satire, sarcasm and subtle criticism. This study also revealed some linguistic decisions, such as lexicon choices and strategies on sentence construction, subtly evident not only to impose fear, but at the same time to dispose it. Researchers hope that this study may assist the readers in pinpointing subtleties in author’s tone and tendency.

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“…According to Alan Burridge (Battistella et al, 1993) a euphemism is an expression intended by the speaker to be less offensive, disturbing, or troubling to the listener than the word or phrase it replaces. In communicating, the language used should not offend others.…”

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confidence: 99%

Euphemism Used by Pro and Cons Speakers in Trans 7 Show "Mata Najwa"

Ningsih

Ardi

2020

ELL

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This research analyzed the euphemism used by pro and cons speakers in Trans 7 Show Mata Najwa by using Warren, forms of euphemism and Leech, types of meaning theories. The researcher used descriptive qualitative research method. The data in this research was the video’s script of Mata Najwa that downloaded from 7 episodes in YouTube. After analyzing the seven episodes, forms of euphemism by pro speakers found are 1 slang, 1 loan word, 1 particularization, and 3 implication while by cons speakers are 1 derivation, 2 slang, 2 abbreviations, 4 loan words, 5 particularizations, 1 implication, and 2 metaphor. On the other hand, types of meaning by pro speakers found are 1 conceptual meaning, 3 connotative meaning and 1 affective meaning. While by cons speakers are 7 conceptual meaning, 7 connotative meaning, 1 social meaning, 2 affective meaning, and 1 reflected meaning. The result of the study reveals that the dominant form by pro speaker is implication and the most dominant form by cons speaker is particularization. While connotative meaning was the dominant type by pro and conceptual and connotative meaning was the most dominant type by cons speakers of usage types of meaning in Mata Najwa. The differences of using euphemism by pro and cons speakers is that cons speakers use more euphemism in their conversations in order to avoid using the rude or offensive word, also to avoid the loss of face of the speaker, the hearer or the people which is being talked.

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Euphemism & Dysphemism: Language Used as Shield and Weapon

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Sexual Euphemistic Expressions of The Holy Quran: A Sociolinguistic Approach

Sexual Euphemistic Expressions of The Holy Quran: A Sociolinguistic Approach

Fear Rhetoric in the Online News Discourse on the Covid-19 Pandemic in Teun Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis

Euphemism Used by Pro and Cons Speakers in Trans 7 Show "Mata Najwa"

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