Europe's response to COVID-19 in March and April 2020 - A letter to the editor on “World Health Organization declares global emergency: A review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19)” (Int J Surg 2020;76:71-6)

Cheng, Shuliang Oliver; Khan, Shehryar

doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.04.011

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…We found some differences among therapeutic strategies of early reports from Wuhan and European therapy recommendations [ 29 , 30 ]. In the absence of specific guidelines or solid evidence based on clinical trials, the treatment approach for COVID-19 is changing as new results are released.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury in the COVID-19 Spanish outbreak

Pórtoles

Marqués

López–Sánchez

et al. 2020

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation

105

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Background Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan and rapidly spread, affecting >10 million cases worldwide. Caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and primarily manifesting as an acute respiratory failure with interstitial and alveolar pneumonia, it can also affect multiple organs. Kidney involvement was underestimated in early reports and its role remains controversial. The aim of this study was to analyse the role of kidney damage in COVID-19 outcome. Methods This is a prospective cohort study of 1603 consecutive patients admitted in a University Reference Hospital in the heart of the European outbreak. Results Median age was 64 years, 40.4% were female, 15.2% presented diabetes mellitus, 35.7% hypertension and 20.3% obesity. On admission, the prevalence of elevated serum creatinine (sCr), proteinuria, leucocyturia and haematuria were 21.0, 37.8, 31.8 and 45.6%, respectively. In total, 43.5% of those with an elevated sCr had previous chronic kidney disease (CKD) and 11.4% of those with normal sCr developed an in-hospital acute kidney injury (AKI); 17 patients needed acute haemodialysis; and 197 patients died during hospitalization. Cox proportional hazard regression confirmed that elevated baseline sCr [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) 2.40 (1.79–3.22)], previous CKD [1.59 (1.06-2.37)], haematuria [1 + 1.68 (0.92–3.06), 2–3 + 2.69 (1.49–4.87)] and in-hospital AKI [1.50 (0.92–2.44)] were independent risk factors for in-hospital death after adjusting for age, sex and comorbidity. Conclusion The prevalence of acute and chronic kidney disease on admission and in-hospital AKI is higher than previously reported in Wuhan, and is associated with high in-hospital mortality. We should increase our awareness towards kidney involvement and design specific strategies for management of COVID-19 in these patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury in the COVID-19 Spanish outbreak

Pórtoles

Marqués

López–Sánchez

et al. 2020

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation

105

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“…Italy has been one of the most affected countries with more than 230000 infected people and more that 33000 deaths and was the first country in Europe to proceed with a total lockdown (so called phase 1, started on 9 March 2020). The government decided to impose strong restrictions in the whole Country closing schools, public places (such as restaurants or cafés) and shops, allowing only the basic necessity stores (such as supermarkets and a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 pharmacies) and relative activities to remain open [2]. The huge increase of infected people resulted, on 13 March, more strict measures including transport rationalization, with a strong reduction of public transport, maintaining only a minimum level of services [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air and surface measurements of SARS-CoV-2 inside a bus during normal operation

et al. 2020

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Transmission pathways of SARS-CoV-2 are aerosol, droplet and touching infected material. The diffusion of the virus contagion among people is easier in indoor location, but direct detection of SARS-CoV-2 in air or on surfaces is quite sparse, especially regarding public transport, while it would be important to know how and if it is safe to use them. To answer these questions we analysed the air and the surfaces most usually touched by passengers inside a city bus during normal operation, in order to understand the possible spreading of the virus and the effectiveness of the protective measures. The measurements were carried out across the last week of the lockdown and the first week when, gradually, all the travel restrictions were removed. The air and surface samples were analysed with the RT-PCR for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus. After two weeks of measurements and more than 1100 passenger travelling on the bus the virus was never detected both on surfaces and on air, suggesting that the precautions adopted on public transportation are effective in reducing the COVID-19 spreading.

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“…It was an impossible balance, although the timing of the implementation of these measures proved to be crucial, both for public health and SARS-CoV2 spread, as well as the economic impact on each country. Early lockdown and strict enforcement were the most effective strategies available to limit virus spread [24,25]. In an accompanying article in this issue, Olagnier & Mogensen describe the implementation of lockdown procedures in Denmark, a country with a remarkably rapid and effective response.…”

Section: Lockdown and Social Distancementioning

confidence: 99%

The global impact of the coronavirus pandemic

Hiscott

Alexandridi

Muscolini

et al. 2020

Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews

289

170

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Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre-including this research content-immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Europe's response to COVID-19 in March and April 2020 - A letter to the editor on “World Health Organization declares global emergency: A review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19)” (Int J Surg 2020;76:71-6)

Abstract: accept full responsibility for this commentary article.

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

Chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury in the COVID-19 Spanish outbreak

Chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury in the COVID-19 Spanish outbreak

Air and surface measurements of SARS-CoV-2 inside a bus during normal operation

The global impact of the coronavirus pandemic

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