“…27,28 This size-dependent emission enables the simultaneous visualization of multiple QD populations, each labeled with a different target, providing a comprehensive view of complex biological systems. 29 Additionally, the shape of QDs, such as spherical or rod-like structures, can also inuence their optical properties, further expanding the tunability of their emission. Protective shell materials, such as zinc sulde (ZnS) or zinc selenide (ZnSe), are oen used to enhance the quantum yield and stability of the QDs, ensuring consistent performance across different biological environments.…”