Eutrophication of lakes cannot be controlled by reducing nitrogen input: Results of a 37-year whole-ecosystem experiment

Schindler, D. W.; Hecky, Robert E.; Findlay, D. L.; Stainton, M. P.; Parker, Brian; Paterson, Michael; Beaty, K. G.; Lyng, M.; Kasian, S. E. M.

doi:10.1073/pnas.0805108105

Cited by 1,465 publications

(918 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Bottle bioassays or mesocosm studies are often conducted on a relatively small scale and cannot properly account for important long-term processes such as atmospheric exchange, changes in the grazer community, and nutrient exchange with sediments (Schindler et al 2008). Therefore, generalizations from bioassay experiments to the real situation in the field must be drawn with caution (Hecky and Kilham 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, some research argue that P is the ultimate limiting nutrient overtime since N 2 fixation helps satisfy N requirements (Schindler et al 2008). In fact, N limitation has been observed in whole-lake experiments and many studies have indicated that N 2 fixation by phytoplankton cannot fully compensate for nitrogen deficiency (Kolzau et al 2014;Lewis and Wurtsbaugh 2008;Paerl 2009;Scott and McCarthy 2010).…”

Section: Environmental Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical nutrient thresholds needed to control eutrophication and synergistic interactions between phosphorus and different nitrogen sources

Zeng

Qin

Bao

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Eutrophication is one of the greatest threats to global freshwater ecosystems. The phytoplankton responses to nutrient inputs vary in different water bodies, so it is particularly important to determine the nutrient thresholds and synergistic interactions between nutrients in different freshwater ecosystems. Field sampling and bioassay experiments were conducted to determine the thresholds of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), nitrate-nitrogen (NO 3 -N), and ammonium-nitrogen (NH 4 -N) in Miyun Reservoir. A separate nutrient addition bioassay was designed to assess the synergistic interactions between these nutrients. Chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations were used to estimate phytoplankton biomass. The results showed the following: (1) nutrient threshold bioassay indicated that eutrophication thresholds of SRP, NO 3 -N, and NH 4 -N should be targeted at below 0.04 mg P L −1 , 0.5 mg N L −1 , and 0.3 mg N L −1 , respectively, to limit the growth of phytoplankton. (2) The stimulatory effect of BNH 4 -N plus P^on phytoplankton biomass was greater than (4) Ammonium was an important factor for the growth of phytoplankton and inputs of both NH 4 -N and NO 3 -N should be reduced to control bloom formation. Our findings imply that although P load reduction is important, appropriate reductions of all forms of N in watershed is recommended in the nutrient management strategy for Miyun Reservoir.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical nutrient thresholds needed to control eutrophication and synergistic interactions between phosphorus and different nitrogen sources

Zeng

Qin

Bao

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Input of excessive phosphorus (P) from non-point source wastewater is an important cause for eutrophication of surface water bodies, such as lakes, rivers, reservoirs etc., and thus pose many environmental, economic and social problems (Chen et al, 2015;Schindler et al, 2008;Smith & Schindler, 2009). As a result, many technologies are currently in place to remove excess P from wastewaters, among them biological methods using phototrophic periphyton is a subject of great concern (Boelee et al, 2011;Guzzon et al, 2008;Roeselers et al, 2008;Shi et al, 2007;Sukačová et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phototrophic periphyton techniques combine phosphorous removal and recovery for sustainable salt-soil zone

Feng

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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• Phototrophic periphyton is effective in removing P (P o and P i ) from wastewaters.• Adsorption with physiochemical characteristic dominated P removal mechanism by periphyton.• The P within periphyton is mainly in forms of Labile-P and Ca-P.• The periphyton has vast potential application in recovering P for salt-soil zone The P (P i as KH 2 PO 4 and P o as ATP) removal processes by phototrophic periphyton were investigated by determining the removal kinetics, metal content (Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Cu, and Zn) of the solution and P fractions (Labile-P, Fe/Al-P, Ca-P, and Res-P) within the periphyton. Results showed that the periphyton was able to remove completely both P i and P o after 48 h when periphyton content was greater than 0.2 g L −1 (dry weight). The difference between P i and P o removal was the conversion of P o into P i by the periphyton, after that the removal mechanism was similar. The P removal mechanism was mainly due to the adsorption on the surfaces of the periphyton, including two aspects: i) the adsorption of PO 4 3− onto metal salts such as calcium carbonate (~50%) and ii) complexation between PO 4 3− and metal cations such as Ca 2+ (~40%). However, this bio-adsorptional process was significantly influenced by the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) of periphyton, water hardness, initial G R A P H I C A L A B S T R A C T a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oKeywords:Science of the Total Environment 568 (2016) 838-844Abbreviations: α, the initial adsorption rate (mg g −1 h −1 ); β, the desorption constant (g mg −1 ); m, mass of adsorbent (g); t, time (h); C, the constant of boundary layer effect; H, Shannon index; R, ideal gas constant (8.314 J mol −1 K −1 ); T, temperature (K); V, the volume of solutions (L); k 1 , pseudo-first-order kinetic model rate constant (h −1 ); k 2 , pseudosecond-order kinetic model rate constant (mg g −1 h −1 ); q e , the amount of P adsorbed onto the periphyton at equilibrium (mg g −1 ); q e,cal , the amount of P adsorbed onto the periphyton calculated by model at equilibrium (mg g −1 ); q m , the maximum adsorption capacity for the periphyton (mg g −1 ); q t , the amount of P adsorbed onto the periphyton at time t (mg g −1 ); C 0 , initial P concentration (mg L −1 ); K id , intraparticle rate constant (mg g −1 h -0.5 ); P i , inorganic phosphorus (mg L −1 ); P o , organic phosphorus (mg L −1 ); TP, the total phosphorus content (mg L −1 ); R 2 , linear regression coefficient; ANSW, artificial non-point source wastewater; ATP, disodium adenosine triphosphate (C 10 H 14 O 13 N 5 P 3 Na 2 ·3H 2 O); DW, dry weight of the periphyton (g); EPS, extracellular polymeric substance of the periphyton; PDW, pure distilled water.⁎ Contents lists available at ScienceDirectScience of the Total Environment j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . e l s e v i e r . c o m / l o c a t e / s c i t o t e n v P concentration, temperature and light intensity. This study not only deepens the understanding of P biogeochemical process in aquatic ecosystem, but provides a potential biomaterial...

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“…Despite their differences, all three lakes have suffered from serious N pollution (Liu et al 2009;Frumin and Khuan 2012). The relationship between nutrient concentrations and eutrophication of lakes has been a debate for decades, focusing on whether N or P is the limiting factor for eutrophication (Paerl et al 2004;Bergström and Jansson 2006;Schindler et al 2008;Conley et al 2009;Scott and McCarthy 2010). Generally, nutrient limitation for eutrophication of lakes is a case-specific question, depending on various factors such as temperature (Moss et al 2013), N deposition (Elser et al 2009), lake age (Moss et al 2013), and nutrient loading (Paerl et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating anthropogenic N inputs to diverse lake basins: A case study of three Chinese lakes

Gao

Swaney

Hong

et al. 2015

Ambio

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The environmental degradation of lakes in China has become increasingly serious over the last 30 years and eutrophication resulting from enhanced nutrient inputs is considered a top threat. In this study, a quasi-mass balance method, net anthropogenic N inputs (NANI), was introduced to assess the human influence on N input into three typical Chinese lake basins. The resultant NANI exceeded 10 000 kg N km -2 year -1 for all three basins, and mineral fertilizers were generally the largest sources. However, rapid urbanization and shrinking agricultural production capability may significantly increase N inputs from food and feed imports. Higher percentages of NANI were observed to be exported at urban river outlets, suggesting the acceleration of NANI transfer to rivers by urbanization. Over the last decade, the N inputs have declined in the basins dominated by the fertilizer use but have increased in the basins dominated by the food and feed import. In the foreseeable future, urban areas may arise as new hotspots for nitrogen in China while fertilizer use may decline in importance in areas of high population density.

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Eutrophication of lakes cannot be controlled by reducing nitrogen input: Results of a 37-year whole-ecosystem experiment

Cited by 1,465 publications

References 32 publications

Critical nutrient thresholds needed to control eutrophication and synergistic interactions between phosphorus and different nitrogen sources

Critical nutrient thresholds needed to control eutrophication and synergistic interactions between phosphorus and different nitrogen sources

Phototrophic periphyton techniques combine phosphorous removal and recovery for sustainable salt-soil zone

Evaluating anthropogenic N inputs to diverse lake basins: A case study of three Chinese lakes

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