Evacuation transportation modeling: An overview of research, development, and practice

Murray‐Tuite, Pamela; Wolshon, Brian

doi:10.1016/j.trc.2012.11.005

Cited by 391 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Compared with indoor evacuation which involves pedestrians, evacuation planning in urban areas involves different tasks: such as deciding shelter locations, routing for public transport and for individual traffic simultaneously [13]. A review of highway-based evacuation modeling and simulation has been provided as well [57]. This paper focuses on simulating the heterogeneous characters of each evacuee and their interactions by using an agent-based model.…”

Section: Evacuation Models and Crowd Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating Decentralized Indoor Evacuation with Information Depositories in the Field

Zhao

Winter

Tomko

2017

IJGI

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Abstract:The lonelier evacuees find themselves, the riskier become their wayfinding decisions. This research supports single evacuees in a dynamically changing environment with risk-aware guidance. It deploys the concept of decentralized evacuation, where evacuees are guided by smartphones acquiring environmental knowledge and risk information via exploration and knowledge sharing by peer-to-peer communication. Peer-to-peer communication, however, relies on the chance that people come into communication range with each other. This chance can be low. To bridge between people being not at the same time at the same places, this paper suggests information depositories at strategic locations to improve information sharing. Information depositories collect the knowledge acquired by the smartphones of evacuees passing by, maintain this information, and convey it to other passing-by evacuees. Multi-agent simulation implementing these depositories in an indoor environment shows that integrating depositories improves evacuation performance: It enhances the risk awareness and consequently increases the chance that people survive and reduces their evacuation time. For evacuating dynamic events, deploying depositories at staircases has been shown more effective than deploying them in corridors.

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Section: Evacuation Models and Crowd Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating Decentralized Indoor Evacuation with Information Depositories in the Field

Zhao

Winter

Tomko

2017

IJGI

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“…A study reviewed the research of evacuation modeling and simulation over the past decade, which highlight the need of interdisciplinary efforts between social scientists and engineers in the future [13]. This study included major components of roadway transportation planning and operations and concluded that evacuation models should be based on the following aspects: evacuation warnings and information dissemination, zoning, demand modeling, traffic assignment and route selection, evacuation strategies and logistical issues.…”

Section: Hurricane Evacuation Planningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clear and effective communication of evacuation orders is crucial to carrying out an evacuation [13]. In order to better manage hurricane evacuations, a study analyzed Hurricane Lili from the perspectives of household reliance on information sources, factors affecting their decisions to evacuate, timing of their hurricane evacuation decisions, and the time it takes them to prepare to evacuate [27].…”

Section: Hurricane Evacuation Warningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Constraint (6) takes background traffic into consideration when we calculate the road capacity, which refers to vehicles in the network that do not belong to evacuation traffic. It is often estimated as a percentage of normal trip tables or a modification thereof [13]. Background traffic includes typical day commuting trips of people who have not received evacuation warnings, trips made in preparation for evacuation such as gathering family members, trips made to gather supplies by those who do not intend to evacuate, and trips made by those evacuating from their homes passing by this region.…”

Section: Hurricane Evacuation Warning (P)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of Evacuation Warnings Prior to a Hurricane Disaster

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The key purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that optimization of evacuation warnings by time period and impacted zone is crucial for efficient evacuation of an area impacted by a hurricane. We assume that people behave in a manner consistent with the warnings they receive. By optimizing the issuance of hurricane evacuation warnings, one can control the number of evacuees at different time intervals to avoid congestion in the process of evacuation. The warning optimization model is applied to a case study of Hurricane Sandy using the study region of Brooklyn. We first develop a model for shelter assignment and then use this outcome to model hurricane evacuation warning optimization, which prescribes an evacuation plan that maximizes the number of evacuees. A significant technical contribution is the development of an iterative greedy heuristic procedure for the nonlinear formulation, which is shown to be optimal for the case of a single evacuation zone with a single evacuee type case, while it does not guarantee optimality for multiple zones under unusual circumstances. A significant applied contribution is the demonstration of an interface of the evacuation warning method with a public transportation scheme to facilitate evacuation of a car-less population. This heuristic we employ can be readily adapted to the case where response rate is a function of evacuation number in prior periods and other variable factors. This element is also explored in the context of our experiment.

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“…In these situations, evacuation is urgently required after occurrence, and must therefore be conducted in a short time, making total evacuation time period a critical objective (Liu et al, 2007). Traffic flow is another important evacuation aspect per se, as the recent review on highway-based evacuation by Murray-Tuite and Wolshon (2013) shows (see also Brachman and Dragicevic, 2014), frequently done in tandem with time aspects (Kunwar et al, 2014;Lim et al, 2012;Mishima et al, 2014;Sayyady and Eksioglu, 2010;Stella and Daganzo, 2010). Scheduling aspects of evacuation problems are also approached, as in the evacuation scheme based on the use of buses presented by Goerigk et al (2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of evacuation plans for densely urbanised city centres

Coutinho-Rodrigues

Sousa

Natividade-Jesus

2016

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal E

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The high population density and tightly packed nature of some city centres make emergency planning for these urban spaces especially important, given the potential for human loss in case of disaster. Historic and recent events have made emergency service planners particularly conscious of the need for preparing evacuation plans in advance. This paper discusses a methodological approach for assisting decision-makers in designing urban evacuation plans. The approach aims at quickly and safely moving the population away from the danger zone into shelters. The plans include determining the number and location of rescue facilities, as well as the paths that people should take from their building to their assigned shelter in case of an occurrence requiring evacuation. The approach is thus of the location-allocation-routing type, through the existing streets network, and takes into account the trade-offs among different aspects of evacuation actions that inevitably come up during the planning stage. All the steps of the procedure are discussed and systematised, along with computational and practical implementation issues, in the context of a case study -the design of evacuation plans for the historical centre of an old European city.

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Evacuation transportation modeling: An overview of research, development, and practice

Cited by 391 publications

References 98 publications

Integrating Decentralized Indoor Evacuation with Information Depositories in the Field

Integrating Decentralized Indoor Evacuation with Information Depositories in the Field

Optimization of Evacuation Warnings Prior to a Hurricane Disaster

Design of evacuation plans for densely urbanised city centres

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