Evaluación antropométrica de los preescolares de la zona urbana en Cuenca, Ecuador

Díaz-Granda, Ruth; Huiracocha, Lourdes

doi:10.18537/mskn.06.02.10

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The results obtained in the present study confirm the coexistence of deficit and excess malnutrition states, such as stunting and overweight in children of early age in a high-altitude area of northwestern Argentina. Similar results to those obtained here were reported in several articles conducted in different regions of Latin America [21][22][23][24] including Argentina [25]. These studies indicated the coexistence of stunting and excess weight (double burden of malnutrition) present in high altitude areas in recent years, regardless of the percentages obtained by the authors mentioned.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Nutritional Assessment of Preschool Children Inhabiting at High Geographical Altitude in the Antofagasta de la Sierra Department, Catamarca, Argentina

Agüero

Araya

Lomaglio

2023

Int. J. Pediatr. Child Health

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The growth and development of children are profoundly influenced by dietary habits, lifestyles, and environmental factors, which begin to shape early in ontogeny. In high-altitude populations, geographical stressors, such as permanent hypoxia, add further complexity and cannot be modified by human intervention. This study aimed to describe the nutritional status of preschoolers in a high-altitude area of northwestern Argentina. A cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out in 59 children aged 4 and 5 years from the towns of El Peñón and Antofagasta de la Sierra (3320 masl), Antofagasta de la Sierra department, Catamarca, Argentina. Anthropometric measurements, including weight (W), height (H), waist circumference, mid-upper arm circumference, and tricipital (T) and subscapular (S) skinfolds. Various indices and indicators, such as body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), subscapular tricipital index (STI), and upper arm fat (UFA) and muscle area (UMA), were calculated. Additionally, the ratios of W/H, H/A (H for age), and BMI/A (BMI for age) were determined. Abdominal obesity was assessed using WHtR, and fat distribution was analyzed using STI. Protein and caloric reserves were estimated based on UMA and UFA, respectively. The study revealed a low prevalence of low weight (3.7%) but a high prevalence of overweight (20.3%) and obesity (3.4%) among the evaluated preschool children. Notably, 30.0% of overweight children and 16.0% of normal weight children exhibited centralized fat distribution. Abdominal obesity was observed in 90.0% of overweight children and 42.2% of normal weight children. Stunting was also observed in 8.5% of the individuals. Additionally, a considerable prevalence of low caloric and protein reserves was identified. These findings confirm the coexistence of deficit and excess malnutrition states, indicating a double burden of malnutrition, among the preschoolers of Antofagasta de la Sierra. Moreover, the study highlights the accumulation and distribution of abdominal and centralized fat as significant concerns in this population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Nutritional Assessment of Preschool Children Inhabiting at High Geographical Altitude in the Antofagasta de la Sierra Department, Catamarca, Argentina

Agüero

Araya

Lomaglio

2023

Int. J. Pediatr. Child Health

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“…Asimismo, un 14% y 16% de los episodios de infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRA), así como un 3% y 4% de los casos de enfermedad diarreica aguda (EDA) se asocian a desnutrición en estos dos países. En términos de sus efectos en educación, se observó que el 32% de la repitencia escolar en Ecuador y el 16% de ésta en México se asocia a desnutrición sufrida antes de los cinco años de edad (Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición, 2012; Black et al, 2013;Díaz Granda & Huiracocha Tutivén, 2015;CEPAL, 2017).…”

Section: Desarrollounclassified

La desnutrición infantil en Ecuador. Una revisión de literatura

Moncayo

Padilla

Ramos-Argilagos

et al. 2021

BMSA

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La desnutrición infantil constituye un grave problema de salud, afectando los sectores sociales más desfavorecidos. La desnutrición causa disminución del crecimiento y del desempeño escolar, altera el estado bioquímico e incrementa la morbimortalidad infantil. Entre las principales causas de desnutrición están la dieta inadecuada, la presencia de infecciones que interfieren con la utilización adecuada de nutrientes, inequidad e insuficiente disponibilidad de alimentos. En América Latina, aproximadamente 2,3 millones de niños de 0 a 4 años se ven afectados por desnutrición moderada o grave y 8,8 millones presentan baja talla para su edad, con alta prevalencia de desnutrición crónica, lo que es atribuible a determinantes sociales, económicos y políticas de salud deficientes en la mayoría de países de la región. En Ecuador existe una prevalencia de desnutrición de 23,2%, situación que se agrava en el contexto rural, presentando más frecuencia en la Sierra (32%), la Costa (15,7%), la Amazonía (22,7%) y la zona Insular (5,8%), y aun cuando se han implementado programas de nutrición, los logros positivos de indicadores nutricionales, no han alcanzado impactar lo suficiente en algunas comunidades indígenas en las que se estima una tasa de desnutrición crónica infantil por encima de 50%. La presente investigación muestra los principales rasgos de la desnutrición infantil en Ecuador, partiendo de un diseño cualitativo, interpretativo y análisis documental con el objetivo de sistematizar el conocimiento y fortalecer las bases teórico-metodológicas de planes y estrategias necesarios para disminuir los efectos negativos de la desnutrición en el desarrollo infantil.

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Prevalence of stunting and obesity in Ecuador: a systematic review

Hajri

Angamarca-Armijos

Cáceres

2020

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: In low- and middle-income countries, undernutrition remains a major risk factor for child growth retardation. In addition, the emergence of obesity in recent years is adding another public health concern in that both stunting and obesity are associated with serious adverse health consequences. This review was designed to evaluate the prevalence of stunting and obesity in Ecuador. Design: Electronic databases were searched for articles published through February 2018 reporting the prevalence of stunting and/or obesity. Selected data were subjected to meta-analysis and pooled prevalence and their 95 percentiles (95 % CI) were calculated. Setting: Studies were identified in Medline, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Database and Ibero-America databases. Participants: Population of Ecuador. Results: Twenty-three articles were selected according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria of the study. The estimate of pooled prevalence of stunting was 23·2 % (95 % CI 23·3, 23·5) in preschoolers (age < 5 years), but was markedly higher in indigenous and rural communities. Pooled prevalence of obesity was 8·1 % (95 % CI 6·9, 9·3), 10·7 % (95 % CI 9·6, 11·7) and 10·5 % (95 % CI 9·2, 11·8) in preschoolers, school-age children (age: 5–11 years) and adolescent (age: 12–18 years), respectively. In adults (age ≥ 19 years), the rate of obesity was remarkably high as indicated by an overall estimate equal to 44·2 % (95 % CI 43·1, 45·4). Conclusions: This study underlines high levels of stunting among children and obesity among adults in Ecuador, both of which are not equally distributed among the population. The magnitude of this double burden emphasises the need for sustained and targeted interventions.

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Evaluación antropométrica de los preescolares de la zona urbana en Cuenca, Ecuador

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Nutritional Assessment of Preschool Children Inhabiting at High Geographical Altitude in the Antofagasta de la Sierra Department, Catamarca, Argentina

Nutritional Assessment of Preschool Children Inhabiting at High Geographical Altitude in the Antofagasta de la Sierra Department, Catamarca, Argentina

La desnutrición infantil en Ecuador. Una revisión de literatura

Prevalence of stunting and obesity in Ecuador: a systematic review

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