Evaluación de la prueba de la moneda peruana en el tamizaje de trastorno cognitivo en adultos mayores

Abstract

Objetivos. Adaptación peruana del test de la moneda en el tamizaje de trastorno cognitivo en adultos mayores (> 60 años). Materiales y métodos. El presente es un estudio de fase I de evaluación de prueba diagnóstica con muestreo de conveniencia y calculo de sensibilidad y especificidad, con una prevalencia pretest de 50%. Para la definición operacional de pacientes con trastorno cognitivo se utilizó los criterios de la DSM IV (The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) y el Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) (controles: GDS 1 y 2; casos: mayor de 2). Para encontrar el punto de corte se utilizó la curva ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic). Resultados. Los pacientes estudiados fueron 42 casos y 42 controles, no hubo diferencia significativa entre la edad (77,88 + 6,01 y 76,14 + 6,49 años) y años de educación (13,69 + 3,70 y 8,17 + 4,71). La versión peruana del "eurotest" denominada "prueba de la moneda peruana" tiene una sensibilidad de 90,5% y especificidad de 83,3 % con punto de corte de 24. Conclusiones. La versión peruana adaptada del "eurotest", denominada "prueba de la moneda peruana" podría ser útil en el tamizaje de trastorno cognitivo de adultos mayores.

Systematic Review of the Diagnostic Validity of Brief Cognitive Screenings for Early Dementia Detection in Spanish-Speaking Adults in Latin America

“…The selection process is depicted in the flowchart in Figure 1 . After applying the inclusion criteria, 18 studies were excluded for the following reasons: two for the absence of a standardized diagnostic protocol for study sample selection (Iturra-mena, 2007 ; Cantor-Nieto and Avendaño-Prieto, 2016 ); two for the use of another BCS, such as the Leganés cognitive test (Gómez et al, 2013 ) or the MEC Lobo, as the diagnostic criterion for study sample selection (Serrani Azcurra, 2013 ); six for the use of a tool that takes more than 15 min to administer, such as ACE (Sarasola et al, 2005 ; Custodio et al, 2012 ; Herrera-Pérez et al, 2013 ) or ACE-R (Torralva et al, 2011 ; Muñoz-Neira et al, 2012a ; Ospina, 2015 ); three for not reporting diagnostic accuracy measures (Rosselli et al, 2000 ; Labos et al, 2008 ; Pedraza et al, 2014 ); four for reporting only one diagnostic accuracy measure (Ostrosky-Solís et al, 2000 ; Quiroga et al, 2004 ; Franco-Marina et al, 2010 ; Oscanoa et al, 2016 ); and one for including patients with depression in the sample (Fiorentino et al, 2013 ). After applying the MTRQ/MCAR to the 14 remaining publications, a study validating the Manos version of the clock-drawing test was also excluded (Custodio et al, 2011 ) as the translation and cultural adaptation process was not described.…”

“…three for not reporting diagnostic accuracy measures (Rosselli et al, 2000;Labos et al, 2008;Pedraza et al, 2014); four for reporting only one diagnostic accuracy measure (Ostrosky-Solís et al, 2000;Quiroga et al, 2004;Franco-Marina et al, 2010;Oscanoa et al, 2016); and one for including patients with depression in the sample (Fiorentino et al, 2013). After applying the MTRQ/MCAR to the 14 remaining publications, a study validating the Manos version of the clock-drawing test was also excluded (Custodio et al, 2011) as the translation and cultural adaptation process was not described.…”

The Utility of Cognitive Screeners in the Detection of Dementia Spectrum Disorders in Spanish-Speaking Populations

“…The Chilean adaptation—called the Weight Test—also used a convenience sample of participants with mild dementia diagnoses (n = 30) and without dementia (n = 30) which similarly found that a cutoff score of 20 produced the best balance of sensitivity (93%) and specificity (90%). 88 Oscanoa et al’s 89 larger Peruvian convenience sample (n = 84) that included participants with and without cognitive impairment, yielded 90.5% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity at a cutoff score of 24.…”

Validation of the RUDAS in Patients With a Middle-Level Education in Lima, Peru

“…Similarly, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment requires cultural adaptations and different cutoff points depending on the education level. [14][15][16][17] Several globally assessed BCTs have been validated in urban participants living in Lima, Peru including the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) as developed by Manos and Wu, 18,19 the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE), 20 the Peruvian version of the Eurotest for dementia, 21 the INECO Frontal Screening (IFS) test, 22 and the Memory Alteration Test (M@T). 23,24 The Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) is a BCT developed and validated in Australia 25 showing acceptable psychometric properties and is not influenced by gender, years of education, or language, 26 giving similar results in communities with both mild and moderate stages of dementia.…”