“…Some biological-fishing aspects indicate that L. synagris can be considered to be a species vulnerable to overexploitation in Colombia due to (i) the species' biological characteristics. such as rapid growth during the first year of life and growth deceleration in the third and fourth years, reaching sexual maturity at its first year, and seasons of reproductive aggregation (Coleman et al, 2000;Luckhurst et al, 2000;Claro and Lindeman, 2008); (ii) the evident fishing pressure by the artisanal and semi-industrial fleet (Mejía and Acero, 2002;Manjarrés, 2004;Barreto and Borda, 2009;De La Hoz et al, 2013, 2017Altamar et al, 2020); (iii) the fishing effort increase in the Caribbean region due to the artisanal fleet's technical and technological innovations (Manjarrés, 2004); (iv) the historic decrease in catches both by the artisanal fleet (Correa and Manjarrés, 2004) and the industrial trawl fleet (Viaña et al, 2004); (v) the deterioration of their (iv) la disminución histórica en las capturas tanto por la flota artesanal (Correa y Manjarrés, 2004), como por la industrial de arrastre (Viaña et al, 2004); (v) el deterioro de sus hábitats de reclutamiento, desarrollo y residencia, tales como los arrecifes coralinos, lagunas y ciénagas (Mejía y Acero, 2002); y (vi) la disminución de la edad de madurez en sitios con mayor esfuerzo pesquero (Arteaga et al, 2004).…”