Evaluación del consumo de riesgo de alcohol en estudiantes universitarios de la Facultad de Farmacia

Abstract

Alcohol consumption is highly prevalent in university students. Early detection in future health professionals is important: their consumption might not only influence their own health but may determine how they deal with the implementation of preventive strategies in the future. The aim of this paper is to detect the prevalence of risky alcohol consumption in first-and last-degree year students and to compare their drinking patterns. Risky drinking in pharmacy students (n=434) was assessed and measured with the AUDIT questionnaire (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test). A comparative analysis between college students from the first and fifth years of the degree in pharmacy, and that of a group of professors was carried to see differences in their alcohol intake patterns. Risky drinking was detected in 31.3% of students. The highest prevalence of risky drinkers, and the total score of the AUDIT test was found in students in their first academic year. Students in the first academic level taking morning classes had a twofold risk of risky drinking (OR=1.9 (IC 95%1.1-3.1)) compared with students in the fifth level. The frequency of alcohol consumption increases with the academic level, whereas the number of alcohol beverages per drinking occasion falls. Risky drinking is high during the first year of university. As alcohol consumption might decrease with age, it is important to design preventive strategies that will strengthen this tendency.

Alcohol-related knowledge and attitudes as predictors of drinking behaviours among Portuguese university students

“…The reduction of risky drinking patterns remains a significant public health problem and a challenge in academic contexts [1,2], especially when scientific investigations show a high incidence of alcohol use among university students [3][4][5][6], which increases with entry into higher education [7][8][9][10]. It remains that way throughout the academic course [9][10][11][12] and has a higher prevalence compared to young people of the same age group [13].…”

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“…Esto constituye una diferencia respecto a estudios previos realizados con estudiantes de medicina (Bogowicz et al, 2018;Frank, Elon, Naimi & Brewer, 2008;Gignon et al, 2015;Ketoja, Svidkovski, Heinälä & Seppä, 2013;Lamberti et al, 2017), en los que las mujeres representaban aproximadamente la mitad de la muestra. No obstante, los participantes en este estudio constituyen una muestra representativa de la población universitaria española matriculada en estudios de Ciencias de la Salud (Ministerio de Educación, 2016;Miquel et al, 2016;Rabanales Sotos et al, 2015).…”

“…En relación a la población universitaria general, la prevalencia de CRA observada en la muestra es superior a la reportada en estudios realizados en España. Se ha aplicado el AUDIT, con punto de corte 9 para varones (más permisivo) y 6 para mujeres (menos permisivo), a estudiantes de enfermería y farmacia, obteniendo un CRA del 43% (Rabanales Sotos et al, 2015) y del 31% (Miquel et al, 2016), respectivamente. Por el contrario, un estudio de cohortes llevado a cabo con universitarios españoles, utilizando el AUDIT, de nuevo con un punto de corte menos permisivo (6 para varones y 5 para mujeres), refiere una prevalencia máxima de CRA del 52.2% durante todo el periodo de seguimiento (Moure-Rodríguez et al, 2016), mayor que la encontrada en la muestra actual.…”

Alcohol y juventud ¿existen diferencias en consumo de hombres y mujeres según edad de inicio?

“…En líneas generales, el estudio confirma la existencia de un patrón de consumo de alcohol de riesgo también entre la población joven universitaria, en línea con otros autores como Miquel et al (2015). En este sentido, se observa en qué medida la mayoría de los participantes informan consumir alcohol y haber experimentado alguna borrachera en el último año, llegando a reconocer alrededor del 20% que ha sufrido consecuencias negativas debido al consumo.…”