Evaluación física y química de tezontle y su uso en la producción de tulipán

Trejo-Téllez, Libia Iris; Ramírez-Martínez, Maribel; Gómez-Meriño, Fernando Carlos; García-Albarado, J. Cruz; Baca-Castillo, Gustavo Adolfo; Tejeda-Sartorius, Olga

doi:10.29312/remexca.v0i5.1292

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Rodriguez Diaz et al [18] reported that the volcanic rock from the site from which the rock used in this investigation was obtained has a total porosity of 55.5% and an aeration porosity of 40.7%. Total porosity reported in other studies range from 67 to 74.7%, with aeration porosity levels of 39.2 to 44.4%, and a real density of 2.45 g cm −3 [19,20]. The packing depth was 2.80 m. The average temperature of the influent was 20.84 °C and the pH level was in the range 7.72 to 8.53, with an average of 8.17.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Removing Organic Matter and Nutrients from Swine Wastewater after Anaerobic–Aerobic Treatment

Terán

Orozco

Acuña

et al. 2017

Water

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Anaerobic digesters generate effluent containing about 3000 mg L −1 of organic matter in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD). This effluent must be treated before being reused or discharged into the environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of a trickling filter packed with red volcanic rock for the treatment of anaerobic digester effluent with COD concentrations of around 3000 mg L −1 . The trickling filter consisted of an aluminum cylinder, 2 mm thick, 3 m high, and 1 m in diameter. To evaluate the efficiency of the treatment system, there were three experimental runs, each lasting 20 days (d). The predictor variable was the initial COD concentration, which ranged from 2002 to 3074 mg L −1 . The hydraulic retention time was 9 h. The influent flow was 2.2 L min −1 , which amounts to a hydraulic load of 4033 m 3 m −2 day −1 and an organic load of 0.006342 to 0.009738 kg m −3 day −1 of COD. Independent of the initial concentration, COD removal efficiency was very high, varying from 90 to 96%. Final effluents met all the maximum permissible limits to be used as irrigation water, as well as for its release into natural or artificial water reservoirs, stored for agricultural crop irrigation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Removing Organic Matter and Nutrients from Swine Wastewater after Anaerobic–Aerobic Treatment

Terán

Orozco

Acuña

et al. 2017

Water

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“…However, other authors who have used red volcanic rock from the same area reported a total porosity of 55.5% and aeration porosity of 40.7% [ 28 ]. Total porosity reported in other studies ranges from 67% to 74.7%, with aeration porosity levels of 39.2–44.4% and real density of 2.45 g·cm −3 [ 29 , 30 ]. Other studies have reported an average pore diameter of 26.24 nm and apparent porosity/void space of 56.2% [ 31 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removing Organic Matter and Nutrients from Pig Farm Wastewater with a Constructed Wetland System

Orozco¹,

González-Acuña²,

Saucedo-Terán³

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Pollutants from pig farms in Mexico have caused problems in many surface water reservoirs. Growing concern has driven the search for low-cost wastewater treatment solutions. The objective of this research was to evaluate the potential of an in-series constructed wetland to remove nutrients from wastewater from a pig farm. The wetland system had a horizontal flow that consisted of three cells, the first a surface water wetland, the second a sedimentation cell, and the third a subsurface flow wetland. The vegetation used was Thypa sp. and Scirpus sp. A mix of soil with red volcanic rock (10–30 mm diameter) and yellow sand (2–8 mm diameter) was used as a substrate for the vegetation. The experiments were carried out in duplicate. Water samples were collected at the inflow and outflow of the cells. Two hydraulic retention times (HRT) (5 and 10 days) and three treatments were evaluated: 400, 800, and 1200 mg·L−1 of chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration. Data was collected in situ for temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity (EC), and total dissolved solids (TDS). COD, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), ammonia nitrogen (NH3–N), and total phosphorous (TP) were analyzed in the laboratory. The results showed that the in-series constructed wetland is a feasible system for nutrient pollutant removal, with COD removal efficiency of 76% and 80% mg·L−1 for a 5- and 10-day HRT, respectively. The removal efficiency for TKN, NH3–N, and TP reached about 70% with a 5-day HRT, while a removal of 85% was obtained with a 10-day HRT. The wetland reached the maximum removal efficiency with a 10-day HRT and an inflow load of 400 mg·L−1 of organic matter. The results indicate that HRT positively affects removal efficiency of COD and TDS. On the other hand, the HRT was not the determining factor for TP removal. Treatment one, with an initial COD concentration of 400 mg·L−1, had the highest removal of the assessed pollutants, allowing for the use of water for irrigation according to Mexican regulatory standards (NOM-001). The water quality resulting from treatments two and three (T2 = 800 mg·L−1 of COD and T3 = 1200 mg·L−1 of COD) did not comply with minimal requirements for irrigation water.

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“…El trasplante se realizó a los 30 días después de la siembra (dds) y consistió en colocar una plántula en bolsas de polietileno negro, llenadas con tezontle como sustrato; cuyas propiedades físicas fueron granulometría menor de 5 mm, 8.0% agua difícilmente disponible, 1.1% agua retenida, 2.3% agua fácilmente disponible, 56.5% capacidad de aireación, 67.9% espacio poroso total y 32.1% material sólido (Trejo-Téllez et al, 2013). Las bolsas con plántulas se establecieron en un diseño completamente al azar con 12 tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones, la unidad experimental la constituyeron 10 macetas, teniendo un total de 480 unidades experimentales, en un invernadero tipo túnel, con cubierta de polietileno UVII-720 y estructura de acero galvanizado, con ventilación lateral, localizado en el Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, estado de México.…”

Section: Trasplanteunclassified

GERMINACIÓN Y ASPECTOS MORFOLÓGICOS DE PLÁNTULAS DE Echinocactus platyacanthus Link & Otto TRATADAS CON RAYOS GAMMA

Antúnez-Ocampo

Castañeda-Zárate

Sabino-López³

et al. 2022

Trop Subtrop Agroecosyst

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Background. The sweet biznaga (Echinocactus platyacanthus) is endemic to Mexico, whose seeds show low germination, viability, longevity, genetics, and latency; therefore, gamma irradiation is an alternative to stimulate the emergence and growth of seedlings, by causing variations in the chemical composition of DNA, which causes cytological, biochemical, physiological and morphological changes in plants. Objective. The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the effect of different doses of gamma 60Co radiation on seed germination and seedling vigor of E. platyacanthus. Methodology. E. platyacanthus seeds were irradiated at 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500 and 550 Gy of 60Co gamma rays, then they were sown in transparent plastic containers covered with filter paper and were distributed in a completely randomized design with four repetitions in a germination chamber, the percentage of germination and survival of seedlings in the container was recorded 30 days after sowing (das). The seedlings were transplanted at 30 das into black polyethylene bags with tezontle and established in a completely randomized design with 12 treatments and four replications, in a tunnel-type greenhouse. At 20 and 30 days after transplantation (dat) seedling vigor was measured based on height (cm), stem diameter (mm) and root length (mm) and at 20 dat survival was recorded (%) of seedling in the substrate. An analysis of variance and Tukey's test for comparison of means (p ≤ 0.05) were performed. Results. Gamma irradiation stimulated seed germination from 10 to 29%. In seedlings, root height and length were modified with intermediate doses of gamma rays (100 to 200 Gy); but higher doses negatively affected these indicators. Survival of containerized M1 seedlings was up to 63% higher than the control, depending on the irradiation dose. Implications. Irradiation with 60Co gamma rays improves seed germination, survival and vigor of E. platyacanthus seedlings. Conclusions. Irradiation with 60Co gamma rays stimulated seed germination and improved some characteristics of vigor in E. platyacanthus seedlings, by modifying root height and length according to age. In addition, it increased the survival of containerized seedlings.

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Evaluación física y química de tezontle y su uso en la producción de tulipán

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Removing Organic Matter and Nutrients from Swine Wastewater after Anaerobic–Aerobic Treatment

Removing Organic Matter and Nutrients from Swine Wastewater after Anaerobic–Aerobic Treatment

Removing Organic Matter and Nutrients from Pig Farm Wastewater with a Constructed Wetland System

GERMINACIÓN Y ASPECTOS MORFOLÓGICOS DE PLÁNTULAS DE Echinocactus platyacanthus Link & Otto TRATADAS CON RAYOS GAMMA

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