Evaluating effects of chemical weathering and surface contamination on the in situ provenance analysis of building stones in the Cuzco region of Peru with portable XRF

Ogburn, Dennis; Sillar, Bill; Sierra, Julio César

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2012.09.023

Cited by 31 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Similarly, a naturally spalled flake of sandstone rock shelter with applied and natural pigmentation from the Kimberley region of northwestern Australia (Figure ) was included in this experiment due to the potential of dating rock surfaces to establish an age for the associated rock art (Sohbati et al., ). pXRF is becoming routinely used in situ to analyze rock art pigments (Roldán et al., ; Olivares et al., ; Huntley et al., ; Koenig et al., ) and site taphonomy (Huntley, ; Ogburn, Sillar, & Sierra, ). Our experiment demonstrated that this type of in situ analysis can induce luminescence in the rock surface itself, especially on the “fresh” unexposed grains as discussed earlier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐Destructive or Noninvasive? The Potential Effect of X‐Ray Fluorescence Spectrometers on Luminescence Age Estimates of Archaeological Samples

et al. 2016

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The non-destructive nature of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometers is a principal reason for an increase in their use in archaeological science over the last 15 years, especially for analyzing museum-curated artifacts and in situ site fabrics. Here, we show that low-power XRF spectrometry can be detrimental for luminescence dating (surface applications such as mud-wasp nest dating in particular). We investigated the effects of irradiation by X-rays emitted from handheld and benchtop spectrometers on optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) signals. Measurements were taken using a portable OSL (pOSL) unit on the following unprepared archaeological materials: sedimentary quartz grains, pottery, a mud-wasp nest, stone tools, and a rock flake with anthropogenically applied pigment and natural pigmentation (iron oxides). We observed an increase in luminescence compared to initial background counts for all materials tested, which could lead to overestimation of age determinations in some situations. Our experiment provides a reminder of the potential effects of Xray radiation, and the need for thorough documentation of all recording and analytical techniques applied to archaeological materials. C 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐Destructive or Noninvasive? The Potential Effect of X‐Ray Fluorescence Spectrometers on Luminescence Age Estimates of Archaeological Samples

et al. 2016

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“…N Rx Q (nC −1 ) 0 28,72 (5,5) 27,21 (4,6) 27,05 (2,4) 1218,66 (0,7) 10 23,98 (4,6) 26,17 (3,9) 25,57 (5,6) 1124,49 (0,7) 15 22,83 (7,5) 21,45 (5,6) 15,48 (5,4) 971,78 (0,9) Tableau 2 : Evolution du nombre de rayons X, normalisé par la charge, émis par les éléments présents dans le sable, en fonction de la teneur massique en eau. L'incertitude sur les mesures est entre parenthèse et est exprimée en %.…”

Section: 2étude De L'influence De L'eau Sur L'émission Xunclassified

“…Le faisceau n'est pas monoénergetique, l'état de surface va donc avoir un effet important sur le flux incident. Le détecteur étant proche de la cible (2cm), la détection est très dépendante des effets de surface [3]. Une conséquence de ces différents effets se retrouve dans la littérature qui montre des résultats contradictoires quant à l'effet de l'humidité sur la quantification des éléments dans les sols [4], [5], [6].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Une plateforme pour l’analyse de matériaux par faisceaux d’ions à ARRONAX. Étude de l’effet d’humidité sur les échantillons

Subercaze¹,

Métivier²,

Haddad³

et al. 2016

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Quantification of soil pollution with methods based on X-ray detection like X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) suffers of multiple bias (moisture, surface state) especially when it's used for in-situ analysis using portable-XRF. In order to study the effect of moisture on the results of an analysis performed using X-Ray, we have performed studies using high energy PIXE/PIGE at the ARRONAX. Samples were made of sand of different types. High energy PIXE/PIGE allows us to avoid bias from surface state and to focus on moisture effect. It also allows to assess the chemical composition of the sample. Results show a different behavior for each element present in volcanic sand.

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“…A collaborative project is now underway, using XRF and petrography to characterise the Rumicolca Formation andesites and the stone used in the imperial buildings in and around Cuzco. Preliminary work in 2011 focused on verifying the viability of using portable XRF equipment, so that building stone can be analysed in situ; and that results are not adversely affected by surface contamination (Ogburn et al 2013). This work continued in 2013 when Bill Sillar and Dennis Ogburn returned to Cuzco with two Institute of Archaeology undergraduates (Sam Robertson and Sarah More) and Patrick Thompson (from UCL, Earth Sciences) to undertake further sampling and characterisation of source materials and Inca building stone in the city of Cuzco (Fig.…”

Section: Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic Rocks and Expansive Empires: Investigating Inca Ceramics from Cuzco, Peru

Ixer

Lunt

Sillar

et al. 2014

Archaeology International

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High quality polychrome ceramics are an iconic aspect of Inca material culture. This ‘Cuzco Inca’ pottery appears suddenly in the archaeological record: but it draws upon technological and stylistic aspects of earlier local pottery and we discuss the specifics of how these pre-Inca traits were combined to form the distinctive new state ceramics. Using ceramic petrography, the dominant fabric of Cuzco Inca pottery is compared with those of two pre-Inca wares, Killke and Lucre. Andesite temper, identified in the Lucre and Cuzco Inca fabrics, is compared with samples of andesite from local geological outcrops. This suggests that Lucre pottery was made using similar materials to Cuzco Inca and was a technological precursor. Because these materials and technological knowledge would only have become available to the Inca after their conquest of the Lucre cultural area, this ceramic evidence has important implications for our understanding of Imperial expansion and state intervention in craft-production.

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Evaluating effects of chemical weathering and surface contamination on the in situ provenance analysis of building stones in the Cuzco region of Peru with portable XRF

Cited by 31 publications

References 22 publications

Non‐Destructive or Noninvasive? The Potential Effect of X‐Ray Fluorescence Spectrometers on Luminescence Age Estimates of Archaeological Samples

Non‐Destructive or Noninvasive? The Potential Effect of X‐Ray Fluorescence Spectrometers on Luminescence Age Estimates of Archaeological Samples

Une plateforme pour l’analyse de matériaux par faisceaux d’ions à ARRONAX. Étude de l’effet d’humidité sur les échantillons

Microscopic Rocks and Expansive Empires: Investigating Inca Ceramics from Cuzco, Peru

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