Evaluating Solubility and Diffusion Coefficient of Hydrogen in Martensitic Steel Using Computational Mechanics

Fukuda, Kazuhito; Tojo, Akihiro; Matsumoto, Ryosuke

doi:10.2320/matertrans.z-m2020824

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The SSC failure mechanism of the hot-rolled steel was largely related to the homogeneity in the structure, i.e., the carbon-enriched banded structures. As is well known, the coefficient of hydrogen diffusion decreases with increasing the carbon content in the microstructures of steels [31,32]. The banded structure in the initial hot-rolled microstructure was carbon-rich, as stated above.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Simultaneous Enhancement of Strength and Sulfide Stress Cracking Resistance of Hot-Rolled Pressure Vessel Steel Q345 via a Quenching and Tempering Treatment

Zhang,

Zhao,

Tian

et al. 2024

Materials

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Sulfide stress cracking (SSC) failure is a main concern for the pressure vessel steel Q345 used in harsh sour oil and gas environments containing hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Methods used to improve the strength of steel usually decrease their SSC resistance. In this work, a quenching and tempering (Q&T) processing method is proposed to provide higher strength combined with better SSC resistance for hot-rolled Q345 pressure vessel steel. Compared to the initial hot-rolled plates having a yield strength (YS) of ~372 MPa, the Q&T counterparts had a YS of ~463 MPa, achieving a remarkable improvement in the strength level. Meanwhile, there was a resulting SSC failure in the initial hot-rolled plates, which was not present in the Q&T counterparts. The SSC failure was not only determined by the strength. The carbon-rich zone, residual stress, and sensitive hardness in the banded structure largely determined the susceptibility to SSC failure. The mechanism of the property amelioration might be ascribed to microstructural modification by the Q&T processing. This work provides an approach to develop improved strength grades of SSC-resistant pressure vessel steels.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Simultaneous Enhancement of Strength and Sulfide Stress Cracking Resistance of Hot-Rolled Pressure Vessel Steel Q345 via a Quenching and Tempering Treatment

Zhang,

Zhao,

Tian

et al. 2024

Materials

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“…Similarly, Beck et al discovered that a significant amount of hydrogen is trapped in nickel alloys compared to pure iron [81]. Fukuda and colleagues found that in martensite, the quantity of trapped hydrogen elevates with increasing carbon content [82].…”

Section: Effects Of Hydrogen Traps On Hydrogen Diffusion Behavior Sol...mentioning

confidence: 97%

Hydrogen Impact: A Review on Diffusibility, Embrittlement Mechanisms, and Characterization

Li,

Ghadiani,

Jalilvand

et al. 2024

Materials

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Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) is a broadly recognized phenomenon in metallic materials. If not well understood and managed, HE may lead to catastrophic environmental failures in vessels containing hydrogen, such as pipelines and storage tanks. HE can affect the mechanical properties of materials such as ductility, toughness, and strength, mainly through the interaction between metal defects and hydrogen. Various phenomena such as hydrogen adsorption, hydrogen diffusion, and hydrogen interactions with intrinsic trapping sites like dislocations, voids, grain boundaries, and oxide/matrix interfaces are involved in this process. It is important to understand HE mechanisms to develop effective hydrogen resistant strategies. Tensile, double cantilever beam, bent beam, and fatigue tests are among the most common techniques employed to study HE. This article reviews hydrogen diffusion behavior, mechanisms, and characterization techniques.

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“…It is well known that the hydrogen diffusion coefficient decreased as the carbon content in microstructure of steels increased. 19,20 Therefore, the hydrogen diffusion coefficient in the carbonrich degenerate pearlite banded structure was lower than that in the polygonal-like ferrite matrix due to the much higher carbon content in the former. When the penetrated atomic H that was caused as the by-product of the abovementioned corrosion reactions spread from the polygonallike ferrite matrix to the carbon-rich degenerate pearlite banded structure, the hydrogen diffusion coefficient generated a change from high to low.…”

Section: Ssc Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfide stress cracking (SSC) of a commercial Q345 pressure vessel steel in a wet H₂S environment

Tian,

Zhang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Materials Science and Technology

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The steel Q345 is extensively used in pressure vessels with low and medium pressure because of good mechanical properties and low cost. Good resistance to sulfide stress cracking (SSC) is required for the pressure vessel steel, but the SSC behavior of the Q345 has received little attention. This work investigated the SSC behavior of the Q345 in a wet H2S environment. The microstructure contained the irregular various-sized polygonal-like ferrite grains plus a carbon-rich degenerate pearlite banded structure. The Q345 had high ductility but failed to pass the SSC tests. The SSC cracking involved hydrogen embrittlement. The SSC preferentially occurred at the carbon-rich degenerate pearlite banded structure. The elimination of the carbon-rich degenerate pearlite banded structure is necessary to improve the SSC resistance of the Q345 pressure vessel steel.

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Evaluating Solubility and Diffusion Coefficient of Hydrogen in Martensitic Steel Using Computational Mechanics

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Simultaneous Enhancement of Strength and Sulfide Stress Cracking Resistance of Hot-Rolled Pressure Vessel Steel Q345 via a Quenching and Tempering Treatment

Simultaneous Enhancement of Strength and Sulfide Stress Cracking Resistance of Hot-Rolled Pressure Vessel Steel Q345 via a Quenching and Tempering Treatment

Hydrogen Impact: A Review on Diffusibility, Embrittlement Mechanisms, and Characterization

Sulfide stress cracking (SSC) of a commercial Q345 pressure vessel steel in a wet H₂S environment

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Evaluating Solubility and Diffusion Coefficient of Hydrogen in Martensitic Steel Using Computational Mechanics

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Simultaneous Enhancement of Strength and Sulfide Stress Cracking Resistance of Hot-Rolled Pressure Vessel Steel Q345 via a Quenching and Tempering Treatment

Simultaneous Enhancement of Strength and Sulfide Stress Cracking Resistance of Hot-Rolled Pressure Vessel Steel Q345 via a Quenching and Tempering Treatment

Hydrogen Impact: A Review on Diffusibility, Embrittlement Mechanisms, and Characterization

Sulfide stress cracking (SSC) of a commercial Q345 pressure vessel steel in a wet H2S environment

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Product

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Sulfide stress cracking (SSC) of a commercial Q345 pressure vessel steel in a wet H₂S environment