Evaluating the accessibility, usability and security of Hospitals websites: An exploratory study

Kaur, Amandeep; Dani, Diksha; Agrawal, Gaurav

doi:10.1109/confluence.2017.7943237

Cited by 25 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Here, non-text content Overall, the results show that the hospital websites in Saudi Arabia are largely affected by accessibility issues, and to the same extent regardless of whether the institutions are in the private or public sectors. These results are in line with the findings of [12] for Indian hospital websites, which have ongoing accessibility issues and a low rate of compliance with the WCAG 2.0 guidelines. Two specific concerns arise from these findings.…”

Section: B the Evaluation Toolsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The results indicated that accessibility evaluations are critical in the development of a website [11]. An additional study of the usability, accessibility and security of Indian hospital websites concludes that evident accessibility problems could be explained by the lack of application of the WCAG 2.0 standard [12].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other words, web accessibility is the process by which interfaces are made more user-friendly and inclusive, and capable of operation by any user, in varied situations and under diverse conditions. If hospital websites are not accessible, patients with disabilities may have difficulty finding and understanding health information [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Accessibility Evaluation of the Websites of Top-ranked Hospitals in Saudi Arabia

Alhadreti¹

2021

IJACSA

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Hospital websites offer the potential to improve healthcare service delivery. They can provide up-to-date information and services to patients, at low cost and regardless of their level of abilities. This, in turn, can reduce overcrowding in hospitals and reduce spread of disease, especially in circumstances like the current COVID-19 pandemic. It is, therefore, imperative for designers to ensure the accessibility of hospital websites to the widest possible range of people. This study aims to evaluate the accessibility of the websites of topranked hospitals in Saudi Arabia using AChecker. The sample included the websites of the top ten hospitals from each of the public and private sectors. The results show that only 20% of the evaluated websites conformed fully to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0. No significant difference was found in terms of the accessibility compliance between the websites of the public and private hospitals. The most frequently observed accessibility errors were related to the structure of information, non-text content, labels and instructions, headings, and keyboard access. The study concludes that Saudi hospitals are not doing an adequate job of meeting accessibility guidelines, thereby denying many of their web customers the ability to fully use their websites.

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Section: B the Evaluation Toolsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Accessibility Evaluation of the Websites of Top-ranked Hospitals in Saudi Arabia

Alhadreti¹

2021

IJACSA

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“…Kaur et al [38] targeted 280 hospital websites in metropolitan cities of India for Web accessibility evaluation. The evaluation was automatic using the TAW tool alone.…”

Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the accessibility of public health websites: An exploratory cross-country study

Alajarmeh

2021

Univ Access Inf Soc

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Public health websites are regarded as official references that citizens of any country rely on for domestic and individual health affairs. For people with disabilities, public health resources are often of greater importance; they additionally provide disability context-specific information. However, to leverage the benefits of such resources for the widest demographic groups, Web accessibility requirements should be met at an acceptable level (e.g., WCAG 2.0, Level AA). This study evaluates the accessibility of a number of public health websites from 25 countries. The choice of the selected websites is determined by the extent of the COVID-19 outbreak in the corresponding countries and their rank as of late April, 2020. Ultimately, this study aims at shedding light on the current situation of accessibility to health information and pinpointing the aspects where accessibility to information falls short in public health websites. Using different evaluation tools, the overall results show that the vast majority of public health websites, of a number of different countries, still have many critical accessibility barriers, especially with regards to the perception of information and operability of the interface items. The findings of this study suggest a need for major efforts toward ensuring accessible public health resources in most of the evaluated websites. As this pattern has repeatedly occurred in many relevant studies in different parts of the world, legislation along with educating Web developers regarding Web accessibility requirements and universal design principles become an urgent necessity.

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“…Based on the results, the study makes some recommendations to improve the usability, availability and security of public institutions in Tanzania. Arvinder et al [35] have analysed 280 hospital websites in many Indian cities for accessibility, accessibility, and security. Data were collected using automated tools (WebSiteOptimization, Measure Text Readability, TAW) for the survey.…”

Section: Comprehensive Website Tests Based On Accessibility Availabimentioning

confidence: 99%

Accessibility, usability, and security evaluation of Hungarian government websites

Csontos

Heckl

2020

Univ Access Inf Soc

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Public sector bodies are increasingly relying on the Internet. On this channel, indispensable information is transmitted to the public and a wide range of services is already available. Therefore, the usability, accessibility, and the security of these websites are very important. Accessibility is particularly crucial for persons with disabilities. The accessibility of public service websites is regulated by a number of laws; among others, the directive "on the accessibility of the websites and mobile applications of public sector bodies" adopted by the European Parliament in 2016. This obliges all European Union member states to make all public sector websites and mobile applications accessible by 23 September 2021. In practice, this means that websites must fulfil the level AA recommendations in WCAG 2.1. In our study, a website assessment method is developed by comparing different analytical tools. With this method, we analysed how Hungarian websites of public sector bodies fulfil the requirements of the directive. We have also investigated how well they comply with usability and security guidelines. The results showed that none of the 25 websites of the examined Hungarian public sector bodies could completely fulfil the recommendations of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) and that half of the websites had only the lowest level of compliance in usability tests. From the security point of view, almost half of the websites use outdated server versions and programming language, which is very critical. We have proposed several suggestions to address the major problems, so website developers and administrators can improve the accessibility, usability, and security aspects of these websites.

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Evaluating the accessibility, usability and security of Hospitals websites: An exploratory study

Cited by 25 publications

References 14 publications

An Accessibility Evaluation of the Websites of Top-ranked Hospitals in Saudi Arabia

An Accessibility Evaluation of the Websites of Top-ranked Hospitals in Saudi Arabia

Evaluating the accessibility of public health websites: An exploratory cross-country study

Accessibility, usability, and security evaluation of Hungarian government websites

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