Evaluating the impact of ocular UV exposure for the development for pseudoexfoliation syndrome in a South Indian population

Sureshkumar, Ishwarya; Gunalan, Vaishaali; Nareshkumar, R N; Sripriya, Krishnamoorthy; Ronnie, George; Ramasubramanyan, Sharada; Asokan, Rashima

doi:10.1080/08164622.2022.2134762

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“… 24 – 26 Recently, studies have also linked UV radiation exposure to PEX and PXG. 6 , 7 , 9 , 10 , 19 , 27 , 28 Pasquale et al 7 revealed that ocular exposure to light from reflective surfaces could be a significant factor in PEX development, as evidenced by correlations with labor over snow or water and a lack of correlation with wearing brimmed hats in the United States and Israel. Using conjunctival UV autofluorescence photography, Sureshkumar et al 6 demonstrated a significant association between ocular UV exposure and PXG risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 6 , 7 , 9 , 10 , 19 , 27 , 28 Pasquale et al 7 revealed that ocular exposure to light from reflective surfaces could be a significant factor in PEX development, as evidenced by correlations with labor over snow or water and a lack of correlation with wearing brimmed hats in the United States and Israel. Using conjunctival UV autofluorescence photography, Sureshkumar et al 6 demonstrated a significant association between ocular UV exposure and PXG risk. Studies involving patients with UV-associated dermatological carcinomas (basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma) in the head and neck region further support the notion that UV exposure may be a risk factor for PXG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight and artificial sources has been reported to increase the risk of PXG in different ancestries. 6 – 8 Studies have also found that UV-related cancers may be a risk factor for PXG. 9 – 11 However, there has been no research on the relationship between the protection of UV radiation and the reduction of PXG risk, and whether these associations are causal remains unclear.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the Impact of Sun/UV Protection and Ease of Skin Tanning on the Risk of Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Dai,

Suo,

Xian

et al. 2023

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Purpose To investigate the potential causal associations between the use of sun/ultraviolet (UV) protection and ease of skin tanning and the risk of pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) in European populations. Methods Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the use of sun/UV protection and ease of skin tanning were selected from the UK Biobank genome-wide association study database consisting of 498,751 European participants. SNPs of PXG were obtained from the FinnGen study including 3424 PXG cases and 326,434 controls. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to assess the association between the use of sun/UV protection and ease of skin tanning and risk of PXG. Results Inverse variance weighted regression of genetic susceptibility predicted that both use of sun/UV protection and ease of skin tanning were potentially positively associated with the decreased risk of PXG in the European ancestry (use of sun/UV protection: odds ratio [OR] = 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.24-0.92; P = 0.028; ease of skin tanning: OR = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.67-0.97; P = 0.025). Conclusions We found genetic evidence supporting a potential causal association between UV protection and a decreased risk of PXG in European population. Further research will help elucidate the underlying mechanisms and promote UV protection for eyes, especially in people with a high risk of PXG.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the Impact of Sun/UV Protection and Ease of Skin Tanning on the Risk of Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Dai,

Suo,

Xian

et al. 2023

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…Increased solar exposure, especially that reflected off surfaces, such as snow or water, increases the risk of developing PEX (Pasquale et al, 2014). Individuals with a greater average of outdoor activities and ultraviolet (UV) light exposure throughout their lifetime may be more susceptible to PEX (Kim et al, 2016; Paulson et al, 2022; Sureshkumar et al, 2022). Higher altitudes have been associated with an increased risk of PEX (Paulson et al, 2022; Stein et al, 2011).…”

Section: Pseudoexfoliative Glaucomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary glaucoma: Toward interventions based on molecular underpinnings

Mueller,

Lam,

Kishor

et al. 2023

WIREs Mechanisms of Disease

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Glaucoma is a heterogeneous group of progressive diseases that leads to irreversible blindness. Secondary glaucoma refers to glaucoma caused by a known underlying condition. Pseudoexfoliation and pigment dispersion syndromes are common causes of secondary glaucoma. Their respective deposits may obstruct the trabecular meshwork, leading to aqueous humor outflow resistance, ocular hypertension, and optic neuropathy. There are no disease‐specific interventions available for either. Pseudoexfoliation syndrome is characterized by fibrillar deposits (pseudoexfoliative material) on anterior segment structures. Over a decade of multiomics analyses taken together with the current knowledge on pseudoexfoliative glaucoma warrant a re‐think of mechanistic possibilities. We propose that the presence of nucleation centers (e.g., vitamin D binding protein), crosslinking enzymes (e.g., transglutaminase 2), aberrant extracellular matrix, flawed endocytosis, and abnormal aqueous‐blood barrier contribute to the formation of proteolytically resistant pseudoexfoliative material. Pigment dispersion syndrome is characterized by abnormal iridolenticular contact that disrupts iris pigment epithelium and liberates melanin granules. Iris melanogenesis is aberrant in this condition. Cytotoxic melanogenesis intermediates leak out of melanosomes and cause iris melanocyte and pigment epithelium cell death. Targeting melanogenesis can likely decrease the risk of pigmentary glaucoma. Skin and melanoma research provides insights into potential therapeutics. We propose that specific prostanoid agonists and fenofibrates may reduce melanogenesis by inhibiting cholesterol internalization and de novo synthesis. Additionally, melatonin is a potent melanogenesis suppressor, antioxidant, and hypotensive agent, rendering it a valuable agent for pigmentary glaucoma. In pseudoexfoliative glaucoma, where environmental insults drive pseudoexfoliative material formation, melatonin's antioxidant and hypotensive properties may offer adjunct therapeutic benefits.This article is categorized under: Neurological Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology

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“…Several studies have suggested implications of UV exposure in increased risk of conjunctival melanoma as well [ 256 , 257 ]. Exfoliation syndrome and exfoliation glaucoma, characterized by abnormal deposition of fibrillar extracellular material in the anterior chamber of the eye, although genetically based, may also be promoted by excess UV exposure [ 258 , 259 ].…”

Section: Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic External Exposure Leading to Ocular Surface Injury

Rauchman

Locke

Albert

et al. 2023

Vision

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The surface of the eye is directly exposed to the external environment, protected only by a thin tear film, and may therefore be damaged by contact with ambient particulate matter, liquids, aerosols, or vapors. In the workplace or home, the eye is subject to accidental or incidental exposure to cleaning products and pesticides. Organic matter may enter the eye and cause infection. Ocular surface damage can trigger a range of symptoms such as itch, discharge, hyperemia, photophobia, blurred vision, and foreign body sensation. Toxin exposure can be assessed clinically in multiple ways, including via measurement of tear production, slit-lamp examination, corneal staining, and conjunctival staining. At the cellular level, environmental toxins can cause oxidative damage, apoptosis of corneal and conjunctival cells, cell senescence, and impaired motility. Outcomes range from transient and reversible with complete healing to severe and sight-compromising structural changes. Classically, evaluation of tolerance and safety was carried out using live animal testing; however, new in vitro and computer-based, in silico modes are superseding the gold standard Draize test. This review examines how environmental features such as pollutants, temperature, and seasonality affect the ocular surface. Chemical burns to the eye are considered, and approaches to protect the ocular surface are detailed.

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Evaluating the impact of ocular UV exposure for the development for pseudoexfoliation syndrome in a South Indian population

Cited by 5 publications

References 37 publications

Investigating the Impact of Sun/UV Protection and Ease of Skin Tanning on the Risk of Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Investigating the Impact of Sun/UV Protection and Ease of Skin Tanning on the Risk of Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Secondary glaucoma: Toward interventions based on molecular underpinnings

Toxic External Exposure Leading to Ocular Surface Injury

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