Evaluation and projection of 4G and 5G RAN energy footprints: the case of Belgium for 2020–2025

Golard, Louis; Louveaux, Jérôme; Bol, David

doi:10.1007/s12243-022-00932-9

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Energy efficiency of mobile communications has been the object of research for more than a decade [4]- [6], but there is still room for improvement. Measurements [7], [8] show that the power consumption of current wireless networks does not depend much on data traffic and barely decreases even when the traffic is close to zero. This creates opportunities for energy savings: improving the load dependence of the consumption by, e.g., implementing adaptive shutdown of the network components [3], [7], [9].…”

Section: A Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy-Saving Precoder Design for Narrowband and Wideband Massive MIMO

Peschiera

Rottenberg

2023

IEEE Trans. on Green Commun. Netw.

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In this work, we study massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) precoders optimizing power consumption while achieving the users' rate requirements. We first characterize analytically the solutions for narrowband and wideband systems minimizing the power amplifiers (PAs) consumption in low system load, where the per-antenna power constraints are not binding. After, we focus on the asymptotic wideband regime. The power consumed by the whole base station (BS) and the high-load scenario are then also investigated. We obtain simple solutions, and the optimal strategy in the asymptotic case reduces to finding the optimal number of active antennas, relying on known precoders among the active antennas. Numerical results show that large savings in power consumption are achievable in the narrowband system by employing antenna selection, while all antennas need to be activated in the wideband system when considering only the PAs consumption, and this implies lower savings. When considering the overall BS power consumption and a large number of subcarriers, we show that significant savings are achievable in the low-load regime by using a subset of the BS antennas. While optimization based on transmit power pushes to activate all antennas, optimization based on consumed power activates a number of antennas proportional to the load.

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Section: A Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Let us consider the power allocation defined in Theorem 2 among the M a active antennas. By combining the BS consumption model in (8) with the asymptotic PAs consumption in (24), the asymptotic BS consumption is computed as…”

Section: B Bs Consumed Powermentioning

confidence: 99%