Evaluation of a new agar medium containing cetrimide, kanamycin and nalidixic acid for isolation and enhancement of pigment production of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> in clinical samples

Kodaka, Hidemasa; Iwata, Morihiro; Yumoto, Shigeo; Kashitani, F

doi:10.1002/jobm.200310264

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This allowed us to isolate 50 strains of A. xylosoxidans from wet environments, including water, mud, and sink and shower drains. Nevertheless, the use of a selective medium may have led to underestimation of the presence of A. xylosoxidans, as already described for other media (40). We observed a high diversity among the 50 environmental isolates: they were classified into 35 pulsotypes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Detection of Achromobacter xylosoxidans in Hospital, Domestic, and Outdoor Environmental Samples and Comparison with Human Clinical Isolates

Amoureux

Bador

Fardeheb

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Achromobacter xylosoxidans is an aerobic nonfermentative Gram-negative rod considered an important emerging pathogen among cystic fibrosis (CF) patients worldwide and among immunocompromised patients. This increased prevalence remains unexplained, and to date no environmental reservoir has been identified. The aim of this study was to identify potential reservoirs of A. xylosoxidans in hospital, domestic, and outdoor environments and to compare the isolates with clinical ones. From 2011 to 2012, 339 samples were collected in Dijon's university hospital, in healthy volunteers' homes in the Dijon area, and in the outdoor environment in Burgundy (soil, water, mud, and plants). We designed a protocol to detect A. xylosoxidans in environmental samples based on a selective medium: MCXVAA (MacConkey agar supplemented with xylose, vancomycin, aztreonam, and amphotericin B). Susceptibility testing, genotypic analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and bla OXA-114 sequencing were performed on the isolates. A total of 50 strains of A. xylosoxidans were detected in hospital (33 isolates), domestic (9 isolates), and outdoor (8 isolates) samples, mainly in hand washing sinks, showers, and water. Most of them were resistant to ciprofloxacin (49 strains). Genotypic analysis and bla OXA-114 sequencing revealed a wide diversity among the isolates, with 35 pulsotypes and 18 variants of oxacillinases. Interestingly, 10 isolates from hospital environment were clonally related to clinical isolates previously recovered from hospitalized patients, and one domestic isolate was identical to one recovered from a CF patient. These results indicate that A. xylosoxidans is commonly distributed in various environments and therefore that CF patients or immunocompromised patients are surrounded by these reservoirs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Detection of Achromobacter xylosoxidans in Hospital, Domestic, and Outdoor Environmental Samples and Comparison with Human Clinical Isolates

Amoureux

Bador

Fardeheb

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…aeruginosa (Kodaka et al . ). Conversely, our results highlighted that the same medium was less effective when used to isolate Ps.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Detection and enumeration of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in soil and manure assessed by an ecfX qPCR assay

et al. 2013

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Aims: To develop a qPCR approach for the detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in soil and manure and explore its efficacy and limitations compared with that of a classical culture-dependent approach. Methods and Results: A Ps. aeruginosa ecfX qPCR assay was developed. This assay was optimized for soils of contrasting physico-chemical properties and evidenced a three-log dynamic range of detection [5 9 10 4 -5 9 10 6 cells (g drywt soil)À1

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“…P. aeruginosa can be isolated on selective media such as cetrimide agar [85]. However, the frequent occurrence of P. aeruginosa as a colonising organism means that mere isolation of the bacterium from a biological sample does not in itself constitute proof of the involvement of P. aeruginosa in an infectious process.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudomonas aeruginosa: resistance and therapeutic options at the turn of the new millennium

Mesaros

Nordmann

Plésiat

et al. 2007

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

510

367

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major cause of nosocomial infections. This organism shows a remarkable capacity to resist antibiotics, either intrinsically (because of constitutive expression of beta-lactamases and efflux pumps, combined with low permeability of the outer-membrane) or following acquisition of resistance genes (e.g., genes for beta-lactamases, or enzymes inactivating aminoglycosides or modifying their target), over-expression of efflux pumps, decreased expression of porins, or mutations in quinolone targets. Worryingly, these mechanisms are often present simultaneously, thereby conferring multiresistant phenotypes. Susceptibility testing is therefore crucial in clinical practice. Empirical treatment usually involves combination therapy, selected on the basis of known local epidemiology (usually a beta-lactam plus an aminoglycoside or a fluoroquinolone). However, therapy should be simplified as soon as possible, based on susceptibility data and the patient's clinical evolution. Alternative drugs (e.g., colistin) have proven useful against multiresistant strains, but innovative therapeutic options for the future remain scarce, while attempts to develop vaccines have been unsuccessful to date. Among broad-spectrum antibiotics in development, ceftobiprole, sitafloxacin and doripenem show interesting in-vitro activity, although the first two molecules have been evaluated in clinics only against Gram-positive organisms. Doripenem has received a fast track designation from the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia. Pump inhibitors are undergoing phase I trials in cystic fibrosis patients. Therefore, selecting appropriate antibiotics and optimising their use on the basis of pharmacodynamic concepts currently remains the best way of coping with pseudomonal infections.

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Evaluation of a new agar medium containing cetrimide, kanamycin and nalidixic acid for isolation and enhancement of pigment production of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in clinical samples

Cited by 21 publications

References 14 publications

Detection of Achromobacter xylosoxidans in Hospital, Domestic, and Outdoor Environmental Samples and Comparison with Human Clinical Isolates

Detection of Achromobacter xylosoxidans in Hospital, Domestic, and Outdoor Environmental Samples and Comparison with Human Clinical Isolates

Detection and enumeration of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in soil and manure assessed by an ecfX qPCR assay

Pseudomonas aeruginosa: resistance and therapeutic options at the turn of the new millennium

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