Background:
Breast cancer remains the most common and second lethal cancer in females.
HER-2/neu
is one of the most important amplified oncogene in breast cancer. The amplification of
HER-2
is correlated with decreased survival, metastasis, and early recurrence. The amplification of
HER-2/neu
gene and synthesis of the protein are reported in 10%-34% of breast cancer cases associated with tumor size, advanced tumor stage, high-grade tumor, young age at diagnosis, absence of steroid hormone receptor, and lymph node involvement.
Methods:
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods are options to evaluate
HER-2
expression. The current study aimed at identifying the correlation between FISH and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in measuring
HER-2
expression.
Results:
The study investigated the performance of the real-time PCR as measured against FISH method in IHC +2 borderline cases. In a total of 120 IHC 2+ samples, 58.3% were negative and 41.6% positive for
HER-2
gene, confirmed by FISH as a gold standard method. The real-time PCR ratio was <1.8 for a majority (82.8%) of the tumor samples with unamplified
HER-2
gene by FISH as a gold standard assay.
Conclusion:
Despite the fact that real-time PCR is a promising method to evaluate
HER-2
over expression and a supplementary array to FISH, according to the results of the present study it cannot be utilized instead of gold standard techniques; therefore, additional studies should be carried out to appraise the value of this method to evaluate
HER-2
over expression.