Evaluation of a rapid immunochromatographic diagnostic test for the detection of rabies from brain material of European mammals

Servat, Alexandre; Picard-Meyer, Evelyne; Robardet, Emmanuelle; Muzniece, Zita; Must, Kylli; Cliquet, Florence

doi:10.1016/j.biologicals.2011.12.011

Cited by 48 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The availability of simple, accurate and affordable alternatives to the DFAT, such as rabies antigen rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) [26–29], would be a useful adjunct to current surveillance methods in rural Lao PDR. However, a recent study has highlighted diagnostic problems with these tests [30] and therefore rabies antigen RDTs results should be interpreted with caution and may only be useful for surveillance purposes rather than for acute diagnosis and patient management (i.e., post-exposure prophylaxis).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rabies surveillance in dogs in Lao PDR from 2010-2016

et al. 2017

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BackgroundRabies is a fatal viral disease that continues to threaten both human and animal health in endemic countries. The Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) is a rabies-endemic country in which dogs are the main reservoir and continue to present health risks for both human and animals throughout the country.MethodsPassive, laboratory–based rabies surveillance was performed for suspected cases of dog rabies in Vientiane Capital during 2010–2016 and eight additional provinces between 2015–2016 using the Direct Fluorescent Antibody Test (DFAT).ResultsThere were 284 rabies positive cases from 415 dog samples submitted for diagnosis. 257 cases were from Vientiane Capital (2010–2016) and the remaining 27 cases were submitted during 2015–2016 from Champassak (16 cases), Vientiane Province (4 cases), Xieng Kuang (3 cases), Luang Prabang (2 cases), Saravan (1 case), Saisomboun (1 case) and Bokeo (1 case). There was a significant increase in rabies cases during the dry season (p = 0.004) (November to April; i.e., <100mm of rainfall per month). No significant differences were noted between age, sex, locality of rabies cases.ConclusionThe use of laboratory-based rabies surveillance is a useful method of monitoring rabies in Lao PDR and should be expanded to other provincial centers, particularly where there are active rabies control programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rabies surveillance in dogs in Lao PDR from 2010-2016

et al. 2017

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“…The detection of infectious particles in brain homogenate was performed using RTCIT on neuroblastoma cells with an incubation period of 48 hours at 37°C as previously described [21]. The conventional hnRT-PCR was performed with universal rabies primers JW12-JW6 as previously described [19].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bat Rabies in France: A 24-Year Retrospective Epidemiological Study

et al. 2014

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Since bat rabies surveillance was first implemented in France in 1989, 48 autochthonous rabies cases without human contamination have been reported using routine diagnosis methods. In this retrospective study, data on bats submitted for rabies testing were analysed in order to better understand the epidemiology of EBLV-1 in bats in France and to investigate some epidemiological trends. Of the 3176 bats submitted for rabies diagnosis from 1989 to 2013, 1.96% (48/2447 analysed) were diagnosed positive. Among the twelve recognised virus species within the Lyssavirus genus, two species were isolated in France. 47 positive bats were morphologically identified as Eptesicus serotinus and were shown to be infected by both the EBLV-1a and the EBLV-1b lineages. Isolation of BBLV in Myotis nattereri was reported once in the north-east of France in 2012. The phylogenetic characterisation of all 47 French EBLV-1 isolates sampled between 1989 and 2013 and the French BBLV sample against 21 referenced partial nucleoprotein sequences confirmed the low genetic diversity of EBLV-1 despite its extensive geographical range. Statistical analysis performed on the serotine bat data collected from 1989 to 2013 showed seasonal variation of rabies occurrence with a significantly higher proportion of positive samples detected during the autumn compared to the spring and the summer period (34% of positive bats detected in autumn, 15% in summer, 13% in spring and 12% in winter). In this study, we have provided the details of the geographical distribution of EBLV-1a in the south-west of France and the north-south division of EBLV-1b with its subdivisions into three phylogenetic groups: group B1 in the north-west, group B2 in the centre and group B3 in the north-east of France.

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“…Primers targeting the nucleoprotein gene were applied in a two-step RT-PCR. RT was performed with Invitrogen SuperScript® III Reverse Transcriptase (Thermo Fisher Scientific) with the primer LYSSA-NMA (5′-ATGTAACACCYCTACAATG-‘3) that is modified from primer JW12 in [34]. …”

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The forward primer, LYSSA-NMB (5′-ATGTAACACCYCTACAATGGA-‘3) was used in two separate PCR reactions with either LYSSA-NGA (5’-TGACTCCAGTTRGCRCACAT-‘3) or LYSSA-NGC (5’-GGGTACTTGTACTCATAYTGRTC-‘3) as reverse primers, yielding amplicons of 612 bp and 108 bp respectively. The primers are modified from the primers JW12, JW6 and SB1 in [34] respectively. Amplicons were separated on 1% agarose gel at 90 V for 90 min and visualized by DNA Gel Loading Dye (Thermo Fisher Scientific).…”

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

First detection of European bat lyssavirus type 2 (EBLV-2) in Norway

et al. 2017

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BackgroundIn Europe, bat rabies is primarily attributed to European bat lyssavirus type 1 (EBLV-1) and European bat lyssavirus type 2 (EBLV-2) which are both strongly host-specific. Approximately thirty cases of infection with EBLV-2 in Daubenton’s bats (Myotis daubentonii) and pond bats (M. dasycneme) have been reported. Two human cases of rabies caused by EBLV-2 have also been confirmed during the last thirty years, while natural spill-over to other non-flying mammals has never been reported. Rabies has never been diagnosed in mainland Norway previously.Case presentationIn late September 2015, a subadult male Daubenton’s bat was found in a poor condition 800 m above sea level in the southern part of Norway. The bat was brought to the national Bat Care Centre where it eventually displayed signs of neurological disease and died after two days. EBLV-2 was detected in brain tissues by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by sequencing of a part of the nucleoprotein gene, and lyssavirus was isolated in neuroblastoma cells.ConclusionsThe detection of EBLV-2 in a bat in Norway broadens the knowledge on the occurrence of this zoonotic agent. Since Norway is considered free of rabies, adequate information to the general public regarding the possibility of human cases of bat-associated rabies should be given. No extensive surveillance of lyssavirus infections in bats has been conducted in the country, and a passive surveillance network to assess rabies prevalence and bat epidemiology is highly desired.

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Evaluation of a rapid immunochromatographic diagnostic test for the detection of rabies from brain material of European mammals

Cited by 48 publications

References 17 publications

Rabies surveillance in dogs in Lao PDR from 2010-2016

Rabies surveillance in dogs in Lao PDR from 2010-2016

Bat Rabies in France: A 24-Year Retrospective Epidemiological Study

First detection of European bat lyssavirus type 2 (EBLV-2) in Norway

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