Evaluation of a urinary multi-parameter biomarker set for oxidative stress in children, adolescents and young adults

Abstract

The involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress in pediatric diseases is an important concern, but oxidative stress status in healthy young subjects and appropriate methods for its measurement remain unclear. This study evaluated a comprehensive set of urinary biomarkers for oxidative stress in healthy children, adolescents and young adults. Results show that urinary excretion of acrolein-lysine, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), nitrite/nitrate and pentosidine were highest in the youngest subjects and decreased to constant levels by early adolescence. Urinary acrolein-lysine, 8-OHdG, nitrite/nitrate and pentosidine showed significant inverse correlations with age, but pyrraline did not change significantly with age. No significant differences in biomarkers were apparent between males and females. Younger subjects grow rapidly and sustain immune activation, and are probably exposed to high concentrations of ROS and nitric oxide. Consequently, they are more vulnerable to oxidation of lipids, proteins, DNA and carbohydrates. Normal reported values in this study are a basis for future studies of disease mechanisms involving oxidative stress and for future trials using antioxidant therapies for oxidative stress-related diseases in the pediatric field.

Asymmetric dimethylarginine is negatively correlated with hyperglycemia in children

“…Younger subjects grow rapidly and are likely exposed to high concentrations of reactive oxygen species and NO. Consequently, younger subjects are more vulnerable to the oxidation of DNA and biotissues [26]. Anticipated advances in clinical and experimental investigations will help us to better understand this complex interrelationship between age and ADMA.…”

Evaluation of Oxidative DNA Damage and Its Relation with Anthropometric Indices in Healthy Adolescents

“…Kauffman et al measured F2 isoprostane of urine in 342 children under 7 years old [26]. Tamura et al released that there was inverse relationship between age, 8-OHdG, nitrite / nitrate, and pentosidine in 100 children [18]. In this study age rang was 1-21 and due to high physiological growth in this age range; there was a logic correlation between age and 8-OHdG.…”

“…Recently, 8-OhdG is much used as an indicator of oxidative stress [21]. Despite this, few studies have been conducted on the 8-OHdG in healthy adolescents [22]. As the evaluation of OS biomarker by urinary sampling has not been done in apparently healthy adolescents in Iran and according to convenience and reliability of urine sampling, we therefore conducted this study to evaluate 8-OHdG and its relation to age, sex and body mass in healthy adolescences.…”

“…Recent observations have shown that OS is related with childhood diseases and conditions that disease has not been appeared yet. Oxidative injuries in pathological conditions have more serious consequences in children than in adults, due to tissue growth and adaptation to physical growth and survival [16,17,18]. Thus preventing from oxidative damage, especially in young people is more considered today [19].…”

Elevated Urinary Levels of 8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine in a Japanese Child of Xeroderma Pigmentosum/Cockayne Syndrome Complex with Infantile Onset of Nephrotic Syndrome

“…In all samples, the urinary 8-OHdG levels were increased, such as 101, 49, 110, and 46 ng/mL/Cr (Table 1). The normal range of urinary 8-OHdG depends on age in children and is reported as from 9.2 to 27.2 ng/mL/Cr in children between the age of 1 and 6 years (Tamura et al 2006). The patient died at the age of 1 year and 11 months because of renal failure.…”