Evaluation of an aminobisphosphonate (alendronate) in the management of periodontal osseous defects

Abstract

Background and Objectives:Alendronate, an aminobisphosphonate, is capable of inhibiting periodontitis associated osteoclastic activity and hence is effective in protecting the alveolar bone in periodontitis. In the present study, we explored the efficacy of local delivery of alendronate on the alveolar bone following mucoperiosteal flap surgery. This is the first study to use polymer impregnated gel based delivery of alendronate.Materials and Methods:A total of 15 patients with chronic periodontitis in the age group of 35 - 55 years, of both sexes, with pocket depth of ≥ 5mm and radiographic evidence of identical osseous defects in the mandibular molar region bilaterally were included in this prospective study. A gel based drug delivery system of Alendronate was formulated. Following surgical flap debridement, 0.1 ml alendronate gel and 0.1 ml placebo gel was placed at the experimental and control sites respectively. Clinical and radiographic parameters were recorded at baseline, three months and six months post surgery.Results:Alendronate was more effective in improving clinical and radiographic parameters compared to placebo.Interpretation and Conclusion:Alendronate is effective in the management of periodontitis associated bone loss. Gel based local delivery of the drug addresses the critical concern of exposing the patient to adverse effects of systemic administration.

Adjuvant Therapy With Sodium Alendronate for the Treatment of Experimental Periodontitis in Rats

“…The results from the current study corroborate clinical studies in humans 17 , 18 , 26 showing that the topical application of SA combined with conventional treatment of periodontitis is significantly effective in preventing bone loss and in improving clinical and radiographic parameters 17 …”

“…Dental studies relating the use of SA to reduced bone resorption after tooth extraction 13 or periodontal surgery 14 have been reported. Bony projections were found 3 days after the extraction of mandibular teeth with the systemic use of SA (by subcutaneous administration) in rats, similar to the findings of Iizuka et al 15 and Kim et al 16 Furthermore, the use of BPs may become a new periodontal treatment alternative for surgical approaches in dentistry in which bone graft materials and/or dental implants are required 17 . According to Sharma and Pradeep, 18 the topical or systemic application of BPs is highly effective in reducing alveolar bone resorption.…”

Role of 1% alendronate gel as adjunct to mechanical therapy in the treatment of chronic periodontitis among smokers

“…Additionally, studies have observed that topical application of ALN was highly effective in reducing alveolar bone resorption after mucoperiosteal flap surgery 3,4,22,24,30 .…”

Análisis Histomorfométrico de la Asociación de Aceite de Oliva y Bisfosfonatos en la Remodelación Ósea Periimplantaria

“…La molécula de bifosfonato se deposita entre los cristales de hidroxiapatita, los cuáles serán disueltos por el osteoclasto, procediendo con ello a la endocitosis del bifosfonato. Una vez dentro, la molécula de bifosfonato se deposita en el citosol del osteoclasto, procediendo a su inactivación definitiva (Puel et al, 2006;Santamaria et al, 2010;Veena & Prasad, 2010).…”