Evaluation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing in asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 patients in outbreak on a cruise ship

Kaku, Norihito; Nishimura, Fumitaka; Y, Shigeishi; Tachiki, Rina; Sakai, Hironori; Sasaki, Daisuke; K, Ota; Sakamoto, Kei; Kosai, Kosuke; Hasegawa, Hiroo; IZUMIKAWA, Kinichi; Ariyoshi, Koya; Mukae, Hiroshi; Yasuda, Jiro; Morita, Kouichi; Kohno, Shigeru; Yanagihara, Katsunori

doi:10.1101/2021.03.10.21253064

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

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“…[19] Moreover, suspected re-infection was reported afterward by two participants in spite of seropositivity. This accorded well with previous studies that reported lower antibody levels among asymptomatic/pauci-symptomatic individuals than in severe COVID-19 patients, [1,4,8,9,13,17,20,21] probably owing to exposure to a number of viral particles below the infectious dose. [9] However, inducing anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody production upon re-infection in one asymptomatic patient has already been reported.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Seropositivity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies among asymptomatic and pauci-symptomatic students and staff at the Arab International University, Syria: a snapshot after a year of pandemic

Zarzour

Habbal

Oraige

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: After a year of pandemic in Syria, how prevalent the seropositivity is, and how far we are from herd immunity is a raised question. Our study aimed to estimate the overall exposure to SARS-COV-2 among students and staff at the Arab International University (AIU) in Syria. Methods: All AIU students and staff were invited to voluntarily participate in the study by filling out and submitting an anonymous web-based survey. Responses were evaluated and asymptomatic and pauci-symptomatic respondents were notified of a phlebotomy appointment. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were analyzed by ELISA and a group of sera showing various IgG titers were chosen for retesting using the COVID-19 IgG Rapid Test. Results: One third (122 of 381; 32%) of respondents were asymptomatic. The remaining respondents reported COVID-19-specific symptoms (177 of 381; 46.5%), mainly anosmia and/or ageusia (132 of 381; 34.6%), or nonspecific symptoms (82 of 381; 21.5%). Frequencies of symptoms onset showed a strong, positive correlation (τb=0.53, P<0.01) with the incidence of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 RNA-positive cases reported by the Ministry of Health in Syria. The majority of symptomatic respondents (243 of 259; 94%) were considered ‘mild cases’ where neither oxygen therapy nor pulmonary infiltrates were reported. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were similarly detected in both symptomatic (21 of 33; 63.6%) and asymptomatic (39 of 61; 63.9%) individuals. The concordance rate between Rapid and ELISA IgG tests was 75% and discrepancy was confined to low antibody titers. Conclusions: Approaching herd immunity, a 69% exposure to SARS-CoV-2 is roughly estimated. Absence of COVID-19-specific symptoms does not guarantee that an individual is uninfected thus noninfectious. Preventive measures are highly recommended even when no symptomatic COVID-19 patients exist around.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Seropositivity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies among asymptomatic and pauci-symptomatic students and staff at the Arab International University, Syria: a snapshot after a year of pandemic

Zarzour

Habbal

Oraige

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Biotechnological Perspectives to Combat the COVID-19 Pandemic: Precise Diagnostics and Inevitable Vaccine Paradigms

Aileni

Rohela

Jogam

et al. 2022

Cells

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The outbreak of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause for the ongoing global public health emergency. It is more commonly known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); the pandemic threat continues to spread aroundthe world with the fluctuating emergence of its new variants. The severity of COVID-19 ranges from asymptomatic to serious acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which has led to a high human mortality rate and disruption of socioeconomic well-being. For the restoration of pre-pandemic normalcy, the international scientific community has been conducting research on a war footing to limit extremely pathogenic COVID-19 through diagnosis, treatment, and immunization. Since the first report of COVID-19 viral infection, an array of laboratory-based and point-of-care (POC) approaches have emerged for diagnosing and understanding its status of outbreak. The RT-PCR-based viral nucleic acid test (NAT) is one of the rapidly developed and most used COVID-19 detection approaches. Notably, the current forbidding status of COVID-19 requires the development of safe, targeted vaccines/vaccine injections (shots) that can reduce its associated morbidity and mortality. Massive and accelerated vaccination campaigns would be the most effective and ultimate hope to end the COVID-19 pandemic. Since the SARS-CoV-2 virus outbreak, emerging biotechnologies and their multidisciplinary approaches have accelerated the understanding of molecular details as well as the development of a wide range of diagnostics and potential vaccine candidates, which are indispensable to combating the highly contagious COVID-19. Several vaccine candidates have completed phase III clinical studies and are reported to be effective in immunizing against COVID-19 after their rollout via emergency use authorization (EUA). However, optimizing the type of vaccine candidates and its route of delivery that works best to control viral spread is crucial to face the threatening variants expected to emerge over time. In conclusion, the insights of this review would facilitate the development of more likely diagnostics and ideal vaccines for the global control of COVID-19.

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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Comparing the Diagnostic Accuracy Tests of COVID-19

et al. 2023

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In this paper, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis that aims to evaluate the reliability of coronavirus disease diagnostic tests in 2019 (COVID-19). This article seeks to describe the scientific discoveries made because of diagnostic tests conducted in recent years during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. Between 2020 and 2021, searches for published papers on the COVID-19 diagnostic were made in the PubMed database. Ninety-nine scientific articles that satisfied the requirements were analyzed and included in the meta-analysis, and the specificity and sensitivity of the diagnostic accuracy were assessed. When compared to serological tests such as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA), lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), and chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA), molecular tests such as reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) performed better in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Additionally, the area under the curve restricted to the false-positive rates (AUCFPR) of 0.984 obtained by the antiviral neutralization bioassay (ANB) diagnostic test revealed significant potential for the identification of COVID-19. It has been established that the various diagnostic tests have been effectively adapted for the detection of SARS-CoV-2; nevertheless, their performance still must be enhanced to contain potential COVID-19 outbreaks, which will also help contain potential infectious agent outbreaks in the future.

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Evaluation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing in asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 patients in outbreak on a cruise ship

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Seropositivity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies among asymptomatic and pauci-symptomatic students and staff at the Arab International University, Syria: a snapshot after a year of pandemic

Seropositivity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies among asymptomatic and pauci-symptomatic students and staff at the Arab International University, Syria: a snapshot after a year of pandemic

Biotechnological Perspectives to Combat the COVID-19 Pandemic: Precise Diagnostics and Inevitable Vaccine Paradigms

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Comparing the Diagnostic Accuracy Tests of COVID-19

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