Evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of anise wastes against some multidrug resistant bacterial isolates

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria is becoming a serious problem, especially after the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. To overcome this problem, new and effective antibacterials or resistance modulators are highly needed and plant kingdom represents a valuable source of these compounds. In this study we investigated the antibacterial and resistance modulatory activity of Aniseeds waste Residue Extract (ASWRE) and Star Anise Waste Residue Extract (SAWRE) (post-distillation) against 100 isolates belonging to two Gram positive (Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus) and four Gram negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Phenolic compounds of anise wastes were determined by HPLC. The antibacterial activity of anise waste extracts assays were performed by using inhibition zone diameters, MIC and MBC. Evaluation of synergy interaction between anise waste extracts and certain known antibacterial drugs like Cephradine, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline and Amoxicillin was carried out using disc diffusion method, MIC and the fractional inhibitory concentrations (FIC). The results showed that HPLC method has been developed for the determination of 25 phenolic compounds from waste extracts. Both ASWRE and SAWRE have significant antibacterial activity against all of the test bacteria. SAWRE was found to have higher amounts of phenolic compounds contents that might be responsible for their comparatively higher antibacteria activity than ASWRE. Irradiation at 10 and 30 kGy did not significantly affect the antibacterial activity of both ASWRE and SAWRE. The combination of anise waste extracts and the tested antibiotics mostly showed synergistic effect. Synergistic interaction was most expressed against Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp1) and Staphylococcus aureus (Sa1) by Tetracycline and chloramphenicol; Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P2), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K3), Acinetobacter baumannii (A2) and Escherichia coli (E3) by cephradine, amoxicillin and Tetracycline. The combination between anise waste extracts and the test antibiotics could be useful in fighting emerging drug-resistant bacteria. These results suggest that both aniseeds and star anise waste residue methanolic extract (post-distillation) could be good economic sources of multidrug resistance inhibitors, and indicate that indiscriminate co-administration of antibiotics with some aromatic and medicine wastes such as those from aniseeds and star anise wastes could be therapeutically wasteful. Their use in combination with conventional antibiotics should be further studied for in vivo activities. This may lead to the development of much needed drug enhancing preparations.

Star anise (Illicium verum Hook. f.) essential oil: Antioxidant properties and antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii

“…The antibacterial activity of star anise extracts has previously been evaluated for A. baumannii ; however, even if the antibacterial activities of the star anise EO had been evaluated before, no previous reports on the activity of star anise EO on A. baumannii strains were found in the literature. Both the MIC and MBC values were determined (Table ).…”

“…f.) has been widely used both as an ingredient in the traditional five‐spice powder of Chinese cooking, as a flavouring agent, and as a medicine for over 3000 years . The bioactivities of star anise extracts have already been reported, namely quorum sensing and the inhibition of biofilm formation, which are properties used against some foodborne bacteria, presenting also both antimicrobial and antioxidant activities . Although star anise essential oil (EO) has been subjected to an evaluation of its biological activities and chemical composition, an exhaustive study of the bioactivities of star anise EO, with a particular focus on A. baumannii , has not been performed previously.…”

Chinese star anise and anise, magic herbs in traditional Chinese medicine and modern pharmaceutical science

“…China has important potential to produce aromatic and medical plants and herbs due to its various biological diversity and different climatic conditions (Chen et al, 2013;Ogbaji et al, 2013;Shahrajabian et al, 2017;Yong et al, 2017). Aromatic plants such as anise seed have a long traditional use in both folk and conventional medicine and of course in the pharmaceutical industry (Abouzid and Mohamed, 2011;Ibrahim et al, 2017). Anise (Pimpinella anisum) is a herbaceous annual plant, native to Mediterranean region and primarliy grown for both fruits and seeds (Zand et al, 2013).…”

“…Kreydiyyeh et al (2003) found that extracts of the aniseeds are used as medicine for their diuretic and laxative effect, expectorant and anti-spasmodic action, and their ability to ease gastric pain and flatulence. Ibrahim et al (2017) reported that waste residues of anise and star anise are promising new sources of phenolic antimicrobial compounds which offer new commercial opportuities to pharmaceutical industry. They have suggested that combination of anise waste extracts with some antibiotics leads to new choice for treatment of infectious diseases and waste extracts may act as activity modifying agent for antibiotics.…”

Transferability of Barley Retrotransposons (Sukkula and Nikita) to Investigate Genetic Structure of Pimpinella anisum L.

“…The seeds have been commonly used for folk medicine, pharmacy, food industry and even as a spice [3]. There are many reports about antibacterial [4], anti-oxidative [5], antitoxicity [6] and also anticancer [7] effects of essential oils in aniseed. On the other hand, there is still some concern related to the safety and efficiency.…”