Evaluation of Antibacterial Efficacy of MTA with and without Additives Like Silver Zeolite and Chlorhexidine

Ghatole, Kiran; Patil, Anand C; Giriyappa, Ramesh Halebathi; Singh, Thakur Veerandar; Jyotsna, Sistla Venkata; Rairam, Surabhi

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2016/18014.7913

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…AgZ in MTA was effective against most oral microorganisms, such as E. faecalis, S. aureus, and C. albicans . However, it was not effective against P. intermedia and A. israelii ( 27 , 28 ). No big differences were found in the types of microbes inhibited by 0.2% and 2% AgZ MTA, but 2% AgZ MTA demonstrated significantly higher inhibitory effects than 0.2% AgZ MTA throughout a 72-hour period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial and Mechanical Effects of Zeolite Use in Dental Materials: A Systematic Review

Hao

Lang

Mante

et al. 2021

Acta Stomatol Croat

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Objective Ion-incorporated zeolite is a widely used antimicrobial material studied for various dental applications. At present, there is no other systematic review that evaluates the effectiveness of zeolite in all dental materials. The purpose of this study was to review all available literature that analyzed the antimicrobial effects and/or mechanical properties of zeolite as a restorative material in dentistry. Material and Methods Following PRISMA guidelines, an exhaustive search of PubMed, Ovid Medline, Scopus, Embase, and the Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source was conducted. No language or time restrictions were used and the study was conducted from June 1, 2020 to August 17, 2020. Only full text articles were selected that pertained to the usage of zeolite in dental materials including composite resin, bonding agents, cements, restorative root material, cavity base material, prosthesis, implants, and endodontics. Results At the beginning of the study, 1534 studies were identified, of which 687 duplicate records were excluded. After screening for the title, abstract, and full texts, 35 articles remained and were included in the qualitative synthesis. An Inter-Rater Reliability (IRR) test, which included a percent user agreement and reliability percent, was conducted for each of the 35 articles chosen. Conclusion Although ion-incorporated zeolite may enhance the antimicrobial properties of dental materials, the mechanical properties of some materials, such as MTA and acrylic resin, may be compromised. Therefore, since the decrease in mechanical properties depends on zeolite concentration in the restorative material, it is generally recommended to add 0.2-2% zeolite by weight.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, 2% AgZ demonstrated the highest amount of silver ion release at 24 hours ( 27 ). In addition, 2% AgZ was found to have greater antimicrobial properties compared to MTA with 2% chlorhexidine ( 28 ). Therefore, 2% AgZ could serve as a potential additive in MTA to enhance its antimicrobial properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial and Mechanical Effects of Zeolite Use in Dental Materials: A Systematic Review

Hao

Lang

Mante

et al. 2021

Acta Stomatol Croat

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“…All these examples show that Ag-loaded-zeolite materials are very useful as an additive for filling materials and cements and in addition to their antimicrobial activity, it has been reported that the incorporation of the zeolite does not affect certain tissue conditioner’s dynamic viscoelastic properties [ 38 ] and that the antimicrobial effect is not influenced by saliva for at least one month [ 39 ]. It has also been reported that MTA doped with Ag/zeolite, presents a higher antimicrobial activity than an MTA treated with chlorhexidine [ 40 ]. In addition to Ag, it has been reported that Cu and Zn salts and nanoparticles [ 41 ] are also active to fight the growth of bacteria, alone or in combination with silver.…”

Section: Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials in Dentistry: State of the Art and Future Challenges

2020

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Nanomaterials are commonly considered as those materials in which the shape and molecular composition at a nanometer scale can be controlled. Subsequently, they present extraordinary properties that are being useful for the development of new and improved applications in many fields, including medicine. In dentistry, several research efforts are being conducted, especially during the last decade, for the improvement of the properties of materials used in dentistry. The objective of the present article is to offer the audience a complete and comprehensive review of the main applications that have been developed in dentistry, by the use of these materials, during the last two decades. It was shown how these materials are improving the treatments in mainly all the important areas of dentistry, such as endodontics, periodontics, implants, tissue engineering and restorative dentistry. The scope of the present review is, subsequently, to revise the main applications regarding nano-shaped materials in dentistry, including nanorods, nanofibers, nanotubes, nanospheres/nanoparticles, and zeolites and other orders porous materials. The results of the bibliographic analysis show that the most explored nanomaterials in dentistry are graphene and carbon nanotubes, and their derivatives. A detailed analysis and a comparative study of their applications show that, although they are quite similar, graphene-based materials seem to be more promising for most of the applications of interest in dentistry. The bibliographic study also demonstrated the potential of zeolite-based materials, although the low number of studies on their applications shows that they have not been totally explored, as well as other porous nanomaterials that have found important applications in medicine, such as metal organic frameworks, have not been explored. Subsequently, it is expected that the research effort will concentrate on graphene and zeolite-based materials in the coming years. Thus, the present review paper presents a detailed bibliographic study, with more than 200 references, in order to briefly describe the main achievements that have been described in dentistry using nanomaterials, compare and analyze them in a critical way, with the aim of predicting the future challenges.

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“…11 However, clinical failure has been reported, which was not due to malpractice by clinicians but from other possible causes, such as insufficient regenerative potential, a lack of anti-bacterial effects, discoloration, and toxic elute from set MTA. 12 – 15 Heavy metal elements such as magnesium, iron, arsenic, chromium, and lead have been raised as a cause of toxicity, and many efforts have been devoted to exclude such unessential elements. 16 However, to the best of our knowledge, the adverse effects of C3A, one of the major components of MTA, that is possibly ascribed to the release of aluminum ions, have not been investigated in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reformulated mineral trioxide aggregate components and the assessments for use as future dental regenerative cements

et al. 2018

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Mineral trioxide aggregate, which comprises three major inorganic components, namely, tricalcium silicate (C3S), dicalcium silicate (C2S), and tricalcium aluminate (C3A), is promising regenerative cement for dentistry. While mineral trioxide aggregate has been successfully applied in retrograde filling, the exact role of each component in the mineral trioxide aggregate system is largely unexplored. In this study, we individually synthesized the three components, namely, C3S, C2A, and C3A, and then mixed them to achieve various compositions (a total of 14 compositions including those similar to mineral trioxide aggregate). All powders were fabricated to obtain high purity. The setting reaction of all cement compositions was within 40 min, which is shorter than for commercial mineral trioxide aggregate (~150 min). Over time, the pH of the composed cements initially showed an abrupt increase and then plateaued (pH 10–12), which is a typical behavior of mineral trioxide aggregate. The compression and tensile strength of the composed cements increased (2–4 times the initial values) with time for up to 21 days in an aqueous medium, the degree to which largely depended on the composition. The cell viability test with rat mesenchymal stem cells revealed no toxicity for any composition except C3A, which contained aluminum. To confirm the in vivo biological response, cement was retro-filled into an extracted rat tooth and the complex was re-implanted. Four weeks post-operation, histological assessments revealed that C3A caused significant tissue toxicity, while good tissue compatibility was observed with the other compositions. Taken together, these results reveal that of the three major constituents of mineral trioxide aggregate, C3A generated significant toxicity in vitro and in vivo, although it accelerated setting time. This study highlights the need for careful consideration with regard to the composition of mineral trioxide aggregate, and if possible (when other properties are satisfactory), the C3A component should be avoided, which can be achieved by the mixture of individual components.

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Evaluation of Antibacterial Efficacy of MTA with and without Additives Like Silver Zeolite and Chlorhexidine

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Antimicrobial and Mechanical Effects of Zeolite Use in Dental Materials: A Systematic Review

Antimicrobial and Mechanical Effects of Zeolite Use in Dental Materials: A Systematic Review

Nanomaterials in Dentistry: State of the Art and Future Challenges

Reformulated mineral trioxide aggregate components and the assessments for use as future dental regenerative cements

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