Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Leaves of Ocimum tenuiflorum (Lamiaceae) and Prediction of Biological Activity of its Phytoconstituents

Abstract

Objective:The aim was to evaluate the anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects of hydroalcoholic extract of leaves of Ocimum tenuiflorum (Lamiaceae) and prediction of biological activities of its phytoconstituents using in vivo anti-diabetic model and in silico analysis respectively.Materials and Methods:The leaves of O. tenuiflorum were extracted with 60% ethanol, and the extract was used for further pharmacological screening. The acute toxicity of the extract was evaluated as per the guidelines set by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, revised draft guidelines 423. The oral anti-diabetic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of O. tenuiflorum (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg) was studied against streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg/kg; i.p.) + nicotinamide (120 mg/kg; i.p.) induced diabetes mellitus. The animals were treated with the investigational plant extract and standard drug (glibenclamide) for 21 consecutive days and the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of O. tenuiflorum on blood glucose levels was measured at regular intervals. At the end of the study, blood samples were collected from all the animals for biochemical estimation, then the animals were sacrificed and the liver and kidney were collected for organ weight analysis. Prediction for pharmacological and toxicological properties of phytoconstituents of O. tenuiflorum was carried out using online web tools such as online pass prediction and lazar toxicity prediction.Results:The hydroalcoholic extract of O. tenuiflorum showed significant anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic activity at 250 and 500 mg/kg, and this effect was comparable with that of glibenclamide. Predicted biological activities of phytoconstituents of O. tenuiflorum showed presence of various pharmacological actions, which includes anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic activities. Prediction of toxicological properties of phytoconstituents of O. tenuiflorum did not show any major toxic effects.Conclusion:The hydroalcoholic extract of O. tenuiflorum showed significant anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic activity against STZ + nicotinamide induced diabetes mellitus in rats. Further studies are required to confirm the anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic activities of individual phytoconstituents of O. tenuiflorum.

Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of Leaf Extract of Ocimum Sanctum Linn. In Alloxan-Induced Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetic Rats

“…Hence, EEOS at doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg was found to be safe. This selected dose was also confirmed by Subramani Parasuraman et al [18] Phytochemical Analysis Phytochemical analysis of leaves of Ocimum sanctum Linn. has revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins and terpenoids.…”

Antioxidant and Anti-Hypercholesterolemic Potential of Vitis vinifera Leaves

“…The extinction coefficient of 0.04 mM − 1cm −1 was used and data was expressed as U/mg protein. [20][21] Wistar Albino rats (200-220 g) were procured under controlled environmental conditions. Atherosclerosis was induced by administration of cholesterol diet (cholesterol 2% w/w and cholic acid 0.5% w/w along with basal diet) for 21 days.…”

Ocimum Phytochemicals and Their Potential Impact on Human Health

“…Such a hypoglycemic work was related to its powerful antioxidant potentiality: in evidence, in interact, the rabbits studied with Ocimum oil showed further a renewal of the levels of malondialdehyde and most of the enzymatic and nonenzymatic endogenous antioxidants [141,142,144]. Similar results were achieved in alloxan-diabetic rats: the control, of Ocimum tenuiflorumrich extracts showed significant hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant effects in all the investigated diabetic rats [145,146]. In an identical empirical design, O. gratissimum L. led to a decrease in the sugar level in plasma and a rise in superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in liver and kidney.…”