Evaluation of antioxidant and anticancer activity of extract and fractions of Nardostachys jatamansi DC in breast carcinoma

Abstract

BackgroundNardostachys jatamansi DC is a Himalayan medicinal herb that has been described in various traditional systems of medicine for its use in cancer. In view of its traditional claims, and chemical constituents, antioxidant and anticancer activities were evaluated in breast carcinoma.MethodsPetroleum ether (NJPE), methanol extract (NJM) and subsequent diethyl ether (NJDE), ethyl acetate (NJEA) and aqueous (NJAQ) fractions of roots and rhizomes of N. jatamansi were prepared. Total phenolic, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activities were determined using suitable methods. Antiproliferative activity was assessed in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive (MCF-7) and ER-negative breast carcinoma (MDA-MB-231) cells by MTT and SRB assay. Cell cycle analysis, Hoechst staining, and clonogenic assay were employed to determine the mode of antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activity in MDA-MB-231 cells.ResultsNJM/fractions exhibited prominent antioxidant activity with significant correlation between phenolic content and ABTS (IC50) scavenging (R = −0.9680, P < 0.05), and total antioxidant capacity (R = 0.8396, P > 0.05). In MTT assay, NJM exhibited the highest antiproliferative activity (IC50: 58.01 ± 6.13 and 23.83 ± 0.69 μg/mL in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 respectively). Among the fractions, NJPE and NJDE were found to be most potent in MCF-7 (IC50: 60.59 ± 4.78 μg/mL) and MDA-MB-231 (IC50: 25.04 ± 0.90 μg/mL) cells respectively. Statistical analyses revealed NJM and NJDE exhibited significantly higher (P < 0.05) cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-231 cells. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated that NJM, NJPE and NJEA caused G2/M arrest while NJDE caused G0/G1 phase arrest in MDA-MB-231 cells. Further, NJM/fractions induced significant (P < 0.001) cell death by apoptosis characterized by apoptotic morphological changes in Hoechst staining and inhibited long-term proliferation (P < 0.001) of MDA-MB-231 cells in clonogenic assay. Lupeol and β-sitosterol were identified as anticancer principles in NJM/fractions by HPTLC.ConclusionOur results suggest that NJM/fractions possess significant antiproliferative potential which is mediated through cell cycle perturbation and pro-apoptotic effects in MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, this study highlights the antioxidant potential of NJM/fractions which can be attributed to the presence of phenols. NJDE emerged as the most potent fraction and further mechanistic and phytochemical investigations are under way to identify the active principles.

Phytochemical analysis with free radical scavenging, nitric oxide inhibition and antiproliferative activity of Sarcocephalus pobeguinii extracts

“…Other authors have reported a positive linear relationship between antioxidant activity and anticancer effect of five herbal water extracts by comparing their percentage free radical scavenging capacity and percentage growth inhibition on A549 and MCF-7 cells [30]. Similarly, the work of Chaudhary et al showed that the extract and fractions of Nardostachys jatamansi exhibited both anticancer and antioxidant activities [31]. …”

Antioxidant and Anticancer Potentials of Biofabricated Silver Nanoparticles

“…Phytochemical screening has revealed that it contained a large amount of bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, sesquiterpenes, lignans, coumarins, and steroids that are used for medicinal purposes [21,22]. This plant is appreciated for its antioxidant, antibacterial, stimulant, sedative, antifungal, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, anticancer, and cardioprotective properties [23][24][25]. This investigation aimed to discuss about unreported bio-based synthesis of AgNPs using leaf extract of N. jatamansi and the antioxidant and anticancer properties of synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated.…”

Nutraceuticals: Curative Integrative Cancer Treatment

“…β-Sitosterol's activity against MDA-MB-231 is significant as although TNBC comprises only 15% of breast cancer, TNBC is treatment resistant, being unresponsive to endocrine and other targeted treatments [69]. β-Sitosterol and lupeol are the main anticancer constituents of Nardostachys jatamansi DC, a traditional Himalayan medicine herb used for cancer treatment [70].…”