Evaluation of ash composition and deposition tendencies of biomasses and torrefied products from woody and shrubby feedstocks: SRC poplar clones and common broom

Rodrigues, Abel; Nunes, Leonel J. R.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117454

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The use of solid biofuels for energy production plays an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, as well as in the diversification of energy sources, thereby reducing dependence on external sources [35][36][37]. The increase in research in this area, as well as the development of standards and technical documents, highlight the political, social, and economic relevance of solid biofuels [38,39]. Intensive use of wood-based fuels in co-combustion processes has put enormous pressure on forests [40,41].…”

Section: State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Co-combustion of these alternative biomasses can cause operational problems due to the presence of alkali metals, chlorine, and other elements in the ashes of these materials, and it can enhance the corrosion of metallic surfaces and the emission of small particles [43,44]. This can limit the variety of residual biomass that can actually be used in co-combustion processes [32,38,45].…”

Section: State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Waste Recovery through Thermochemical Conversion Technologies: A Case Study with Several Portuguese Agroforestry By-Products

Nunes

Loureiro²,

Sá³

et al. 2020

Clean Technol.

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Agroforestry waste stores a considerable amount of energy that can be used. Portugal has great potential to produce bioenergy. The waste generated during agricultural production and forestry operation processes can be used for energy generation, and it can be used either in the form in which it is collected, or it can be processed using thermochemical conversion technologies, such as torrefaction. This work aimed to characterize the properties of a set of residues from agroforestry activities, namely rice husk, almond husk, kiwi pruning, vine pruning, olive pomace, and pine woodchips. To characterize the different materials, both as-collected and after being subjected to a torrefaction process at 300 °C, thermogravimetric analyses were carried out to determine the moisture content, ash content, fixed carbon content, and the content of volatile substances; elementary analyses were performed to determine the levels of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen, and the high and low heating values were determined. With these assumptions, it was observed that each form of residual biomass had different characteristics, which are important to know when adapting to conversion technology, and they also had different degrees of efficiency, that is, the amount of energy generated and potentially used when analyzing all factors.

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Section: State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Recovery through Thermochemical Conversion Technologies: A Case Study with Several Portuguese Agroforestry By-Products

Nunes

Loureiro²,

Sá³

et al. 2020

Clean Technol.

Self Cite

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“…These values are representative of the low intrinsic contents of SiO 2 in woody biomass in the absence of soil contamination derived from SRC harvesting and transport [39]. The low intrinsic content of SiO 2 in poplar ash has been well established in the literature: 2.7-3.7 [35], 2.3 [36], or 5.9 [40]. Previous studies have pointed out differences between poplar clones and broom in relation to SiO 2 content, which influences slag viscosity and deposition levels [36].…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Ashmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…The P 2 O 5 contents ranged from 5.6 to 17.6%, reaching higher values than those observed in other plantations under Mediterranean conditions, for which values around 5.8 and 6.5% were reported [35]. The formation of alkali sulfates with low melting temperatures is prevented in biofuels containing sufficient available Ca to form stable calcium phosphates with available P [36].…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Ashmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…In the specific case of SRC poplar plantations, Fernández, et al [35] reported slightly higher values for irrigated and fertilized plantations under Mediterranean conditions (33-43%). A study by Rodrigues and Nunes [36] also reported higher percentages of CaO in ash generated from poplar biomass (48.6%). The K 2 O content ranged widely, from 16.4 to 36.4%, with significant differences between clones.…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Ashmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Growing Poplar in Acid Soils: Biomass Yield and Ash Behavior

Eimil‐Fraga

Oliveira

Torres

et al. 2021

Forests

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Atlantic areas of southern Europe have low water restrictions but are also characterized by acid soils with low intrinsic fertility, so the selection of clones that have adapted to these characteristics is essential. In this study, biomass yield data for eight poplar clones established in two trials were evaluated after the first rotation. Both sites were representative of acid soils that had previously been used for agriculture and had low levels of alkali and alkaline earth elements. The first trial was used to determine which clones performed the best in terms of biomass and stem size, testing two Populus × euramericana (Dode) Guinier (I-214 and AF2), two P. × interamericana Van Brokehuizen × P. nigra L. (Monviso, AF6), three P. × interamericana (Unal, Beaupre and Raspalje), and one P. trichocarpa Torr & A. Gray (Trichobel) clone. The second trial explored the possibility of simultaneously growing biomass and timber, specifically considering the Raspalje and Trichobel balsam poplar clones. To complete a previous study on energy properties, nine biomass samples were obtained from each of the eight clones to evaluate the composition and behavior of the ash generated during combustion, particularly the sintering risk. Several indices of sintering risk were explored and compared with the actual sintering using the BioSlag test. The results show large differences in biomass yield between clones, with the balsam poplar derived clones (both hybrid or pure Populus trichocarpa) performing the best. Growth results for stems planted for wood and the cuttings planted in between these stems show that a mixed biomass–timber arrangement provides good results, at least during the first rotation. The relative proportion of oxides in the poplar ash followed the order CaO > K2O > MgO >> P2O5 >> SiO2 > Al2O3 > Na2O > Fe2O5 >> TiO2. Significant differences between clones were found for K2O and MgO. Risk indices showed moderate levels of sintering derived from alkali elements, with significant differences between clones. The actual slagging and the hardness of the slag particles were very low thus, denoting good ash behavior during combustion, particularly for the clones selected for biomass yield. No significant covariate effect of basal diameter was found for any of the analyzed variables. We conclude that growing site-undemanding poplar clones in acid soils can yield both reasonable levels of biomass yield and good quality chips for combustion in domestic thermal systems.

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Short rotation woody coppices for biomass production: An integrated analysis of the potential as an energy alternative

Rodrigues

Costa

Nunes

2021

Curr Sustainable Renewable Energy Rep

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Evaluation of ash composition and deposition tendencies of biomasses and torrefied products from woody and shrubby feedstocks: SRC poplar clones and common broom

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Waste Recovery through Thermochemical Conversion Technologies: A Case Study with Several Portuguese Agroforestry By-Products

Waste Recovery through Thermochemical Conversion Technologies: A Case Study with Several Portuguese Agroforestry By-Products

Growing Poplar in Acid Soils: Biomass Yield and Ash Behavior

Short rotation woody coppices for biomass production: An integrated analysis of the potential as an energy alternative

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