Evaluation of atmospheric sources of PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PBDEs around a steel industrial complex in northeast China using passive air samplers

Li, Xiaomin; Li, Yingming; Zhang, Qinghua; Wang, Pu; Yang, Hongbiao; Jiang, Guibin; Wei, Fusheng

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.06.004

Cited by 64 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…PCB levels have seldom been reported in workplace air of secondary nonferrous metal processing plants, to the best of our knowledge, although some studies have investigated atmospheric levels of PCBs in the surrounding environment of industrial thermal processes. 19,20 With regard to PCNs, the total concentrations (tri-to octachlorinated naphthalenes) were in the range of 252−31900 pg/m 3 in workplace air among secondary nonferrous metal processing plants ( Table 2). The dioxin-like toxicity of PCNs has been investigated in previous studies.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational Exposure to Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans, Dioxin-like Polychlorinated Biphenyls, and Polychlorinated Naphthalenes in Workplaces of Secondary Nonferrous Metallurgical Facilities in China

Zheng

Liu

et al. 2013

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:The concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs), and polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) were determined in workplace air from eight secondary nonferrous metal processing plants to investigate occupational exposure to these toxic compounds. The total estimated daily intakes of PCDD/Fs and dlPCBs for workers by inhalation in the workplace were in the range of 0.15−9.91 and 0.13−8.59 pg of WHO-TEQ/kg of body weight (bw) for moderate and light activities, respectively. The daily inhalation doses for workers in the workplaces of three investigated plants exceeded the tolerable daily intake recommended by the World Health Organization. These results indicate that the risk of occupational exposure to dioxins by inhalation in the workplace of plants investigated was considerably high. For PCNs, the daily inhalation doses for workers in the workplace were in the range of 0.005−4.46 and 0.004−3.87 pg of TEQ/kg of bw for moderate and light activities, respectively, which were lower than those of dioxins. To identify the source of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, and PCNs in workplace air, their homologue profiles were compared with those in stack gas from the plants investigated. It was found that significant dioxin contamination in workplace air was mainly attributed to the emission of fugitive gas from smelting furnaces during reclamation processes. ■ INTRODUCTIONSecondary metal smelters primarily engage in the recovery of nonferrous metals and alloys from new and used scrap and dross. Scrap metal and metal wastes may contain organic materials, such as plastics, paints, and solvents. 1 High emissions of unintentionally produced persistent organic pollutants (UPPOPs) have been determined in stack gas of secondary nonferrous metal processing plants, caused by the combustion of these impurities in the presence of various types of metals during reclamation processes. 2−6 During the secondary nonferrous metal smelting process, the smelting furnace door would be open for feeding raw material, mixing, and other necessary operations. Therefore, fugitive UP-POP emissions can be directly released into the workplace air during the process. Several studies have been conducted to investigate polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) concentrations in the workplace air of some industrial thermal processes, such as sinter plants, municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs), and secondary aluminum and copper smelters. 7−10 Moreover, the results of these studies suggested that there was significant PCDD/F contamination in the workplace air of the industrial thermal process plants investigated. Shih et al. 8 investigated PCDD/F levels in the workplace atmosphere of a sinter plant, and their results indicated that PCDD/F concentrations in workplace air (0.55− 2.14 pg of I-TEQ/m 3 ) were obviously higher than that of the outside ambient environment (0.07 pg of I-TEQ/m 3 ). In a secondary aluminum smelter, PCDD/F concentrations during operation were ...

show abstract

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational Exposure to Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans, Dioxin-like Polychlorinated Biphenyls, and Polychlorinated Naphthalenes in Workplaces of Secondary Nonferrous Metallurgical Facilities in China

Zheng

Liu

et al. 2013

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The PUF plugs were then dried under vacuum in a desiccator and stored in sealed bags. The detailed sampling procedure has been published previously [15].…”

Section: Active Air Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations and distributions of Dechlorane Plus in environmental samples around a Dechlorane Plus manufacturing plant in East China

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A comprehensive investigation into the occurrence of Dechlorane Plus (DP) in environmental samples around a DP manufacturing plant in East China was performed. The total syn-DP and anti-DP concentrations found in the soil, sediment, active air, and passive air samples were 0.50-2,315 pg/g dry weight (dw), 0.32-20.5 ng/g dw, 5.52-3,332 pg/m 3 , and 1.00-4,560 pg/m 3 , respectively. There were consistent trends in the spatial distributions of DP in the soil and air samples, with the DP concentrations decreasing dramatically as the distance from the plant increased. The mean anti-DP isomer fractional abundances (f anti ) in the soil, sediment, active air, and passive air samples were 0.67, 0.68, 0.70, and 0.64, respectively. These f anti values were consistent with the f anti value for the technical DP produced in the DP manufacturing plant (0.68), meaning that the DP had been released during the local DP production activities.

show abstract

“…PCB-126 and -169 had the highest TEQ concentrations due to their higher TEF values. The TEQ concentrations ranged from 35.628 to 612.796 fg/m 3 with the mean value as 144.878 fg/m 3 , which was higher than that of Yokohama (2-14 fg/m 3 ) (Kim and Masunaga, 2005) and a steel industrial complex in northeast China (12 fg/m 3 ) (Li et al, 2011a), which should be paid more attention by local government. …”

Section: Concentrations and Composition Of Toxic Equivalency (Teq) Ofmentioning

confidence: 98%

Seasonal Variation and Gas/Particle Partitioning of PCBs in Air from Central Urban Area of an Industrial Base and Coastal City -Tianjin, China

Zhang

Chen

2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The 26 air samples were collected from Tianjin urban areas from July 2010 to May 2011 for the analysis of 86 PCB congeners to investigate the gas/particle partitioning of PCBs. The total PCBs concentration (in pg/m 3 ) ranged from 31.28 to 650.33 (mean: 273.77) and showed a significantly seasonal variation as summer > autumn > spring > winter. Gas PCBs accounted for 80.79% of total PCBs. The fraction of each gas PCB homolog increased with the decreasing chlorine atoms. The contribution of gas PCBs to total PCBs showed a strong seasonal variation with summer (94.07%) > autumn (78.91%) > spring (78.19%) > winter (56.02%). Tri-, tetra-and penta-PCBs were the predominantly homologs in Tianjin atmosphere. The natural logarithm of partial pressure of PCBs were well correlated with the inverse absolute environmental temperature (R = 0.79). The steep slope of -4933.64 obtained from Clausius-Clapeyron (C.C) plot indicated the influence of local PCBs sources. In generally, the C.C slopes and the surface-air exchange enthalpy (∆H SA ) for different PCB homologs increased with the increasing chlorine atoms. The fraction of particle bound PCBs were underestimated for PCBs with P L 0 > 10 -3.85 Pa and overestimated for PCB congeners with P L 0 < 10 -3.85 Pa by Junge-Pankow model. The logarithm of particle/gas partitioning coefficients (log K P ) of PCBs were well correlated with the logarithm of respective sub-cooled vapor pressures (log P L 0 ) (R = 0.72) and the octanol-air partition coefficient (log K OA ) (R = 0.77). The slopes for log K P against log P L 0 and log K OA plots were -0.44 and 0.48, deviated significantly from the expected -1 and +1 for the equilibrium state of gas/particle partitioning, possibly explained by the emission of PCBs and particles from the local industries and other sources. The TEQ concentrations (fg/m 3 ) for 12 dioxin-like PCB congeners ranged from 35.628 to 612.796 with the mean value as 144.878.

show abstract

Evaluation of atmospheric sources of PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PBDEs around a steel industrial complex in northeast China using passive air samplers

Cited by 64 publications

References 36 publications

Occupational Exposure to Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans, Dioxin-like Polychlorinated Biphenyls, and Polychlorinated Naphthalenes in Workplaces of Secondary Nonferrous Metallurgical Facilities in China

Occupational Exposure to Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans, Dioxin-like Polychlorinated Biphenyls, and Polychlorinated Naphthalenes in Workplaces of Secondary Nonferrous Metallurgical Facilities in China

Concentrations and distributions of Dechlorane Plus in environmental samples around a Dechlorane Plus manufacturing plant in East China

Seasonal Variation and Gas/Particle Partitioning of PCBs in Air from Central Urban Area of an Industrial Base and Coastal City -Tianjin, China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About