Evaluation of Bacillus species as potential candidates for direct-fed microbials in commercial poultry

Shivaramaiah, S.; Pumford, Neil R.; Morgan, M. J.; Wolfenden, R. E.; Wolfenden, A. D.; Torres-Rodriguez, A.; Hargis, Billy M.; Téllez, G.

doi:10.3382/ps.2010-00745

Cited by 91 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The addition of beneficial probiotic microorganisms to the chicks' diet during this critical early period may improve the overall health status and performance during the entire production period (Shivaramaiah et al, 2011). The use of sub-therapeutic antibiotic treatments as growth promoters has increasingly been limited or banned in recent years because of the emergence of multiple drug-resistant bacteria, the potential contamination of the environment with antibiotics, and increasing awareness of antibiotic use in poultry products by health mindful consumers (Peric et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic Bacillus species and Saccharomyces boulardii improve performance, gut histology and immunity in broiler chickens

Manafi¹,

Mahdi²,

Mirzaie³

2018

SA J. An. Sci.

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The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a new multispecies probiotic containing four Bacillus species and Saccharomyces boulardii (Microguard ® ) with a commercial probiotic (Protexin ® ) and a commonly used antibiotic in broilers. Six hundred one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were randomized to six experimental treatments, with five replicates of 20 chicks each, for 42 days, receiving an ad libitum cornsoybean basal diet. Treatments were added to the basal diet and consisted of tetracycline as an antibiotic growth promoter (500 g/ton), three dosages of Microguard (50, 100 and150 g/ton) or Protexin (100 g/ton). The control group received the basal diet with no additive. The group fed with Microguard at 150 g/ton showed increased final bodyweight, weight gain, high density lipoprotein, triglyceride, and antibody titres against Newcastle disease (ND) and avian influenza (AI) levels. Improved feed conversion ratio, increased villus height, and villus highest crypt depth ratio, along with lower plasma gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, were found in probiotic-supplemented broilers. Carcass yield, liver weights, breast muscle values, and abdominal fat weights were reduced in groups fed with 100 or 150 g/ton of Microguard. Caecal coliforms, Salmonella and Escherichia coli numbers decreased in groups fed with 100 or 150 g/ton of Microguard. These results show that Microguard at 150 g/ton is a promising probiotic to replace antibiotics in broiler feed as a growth-promoter while enhancing immune system responses and inducing beneficial modulations in the caecal microflora. ______________________________________________________________________________________

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic Bacillus species and Saccharomyces boulardii improve performance, gut histology and immunity in broiler chickens

Manafi¹,

Mahdi²,

Mirzaie³

2018

SA J. An. Sci.

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“…While the majority of clear-cut research with regard to beneficial probiotic cultures has focused on LAB, as discussed above, a major question in several laboratories is whether or not selected sporeformer bacteria (genus Bacillus or related) can be as effective as the best known LAB cultures. Recently, one Bacillus subtilis spore isolate was as effective as a well-established LAB-based probiotic for Salmonella [87,85]. Other isolates or combinations of isolates with increased potency and efficacy may be identified with continued research.…”

Section: Probiotics In Poultry Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics for Human and Poultry Use in the Control of Gastrointestinal Disease: A Review of Real-World Experiences

Téllez¹,

Rodríguez‐Fragoso²,

Va³

et al. 2013

Altern Integ Med

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Over a century ago Eli Metchnikoff proposed the revolutionary idea to consume viable bacteria to promote health by modulating the intestinal microflora. The idea is more applicable now than ever, since bacterial antimicrobial resistance has become a serious worldwide problem both in medical and agricultural fields. The interest in digestive physiology and the microbiome has generated data whereby well being of all living organisms with a digestive tract can be enhanced and the risk of disease reduced. Given the recent international legislation and domestic consumer pressures to withdraw growth-promoting antibiotics and limit antibiotics available for treatment of bacterial infections, probiotics can offer alternative options. Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. Current indications are that mechanism of action involves a number of possibilities like rapid activation of innate host immune responses, assisting in the digestion of food materials etc. In this review, we focused on applying probiotic concept to alleviate chronic constipation and idiopathic diarrhea in humans or for specific pathogen reduction and improvement of GIT diseases in poultry.

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“…Thus, we selected the B. subtilis phyA for expression in Lactobacillus. Interestingly, the popularity of probiotic and DFM products containing sporeforming bacteria, including B. subtilis, has increased (54)(55)(56)(57). Bacillus species are workhorse bacteria in microbial fermentations and are highly prized as producers of industrially important enzymes (58).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Phytate-Degrading Lactobacillus Culture Administration to Broiler Chickens

Askelson

Campasino

Lee

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Probiotics have been demonstrated to promote growth, stimulate immune responses, and improve food safety of poultry. While widely used, their effectiveness is mixed, and the mechanisms through which they contribute to poultry production are not well understood. Microbial phytases are increasingly supplemented in feed to improve digestibility and reduce antinutritive effects of phytate. The microbial origin of these exogenous enzymes suggests a potentially important mechanism of probiotic functionality. We investigated phytate degradation as a novel probiotic mechanism using recombinant Lactobacillus cultures expressing Bacillus subtilis phytase. B. subtilis phyA was codon optimized for expression in Lactobacillus and cloned into the expression vector pTRK882. The resulting plasmid, pTD003, was transformed into Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus gallinarum, and Lactobacillus gasseri. SDS-PAGE revealed a protein in the culture supernatants of Lactobacillus pTD003 transformants with a molecular weight similar to that of the B. subtilis phytase. Expression of B. subtilis phytase increased phytate degradation of L. acidophilus, L. gasseri, and L. gallinarum approximately 4-, 10-, and 18-fold over the background activity of empty-vector transformants, respectively. Phytase-expressing L. gallinarum and L. gasseri were administered to broiler chicks fed a phosphorusdeficient diet. Phytase-expressing L. gasseri improved weight gain of broiler chickens to a level comparable to that for chickens fed a control diet adequate in phosphorus, demonstrating proof of principle that administration of phytate-degrading probiotic cultures can improve performance of livestock animals. This will inform future studies investigating whether probiotic cultures are able to provide both the performance benefits of feed enzymes and the animal health and food safety benefits traditionally associated with probiotics. Lactobacillus species are important inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and animals and are increasingly being used as probiotic microorganisms due to their health-promoting properties (1, 2). Probiotics, sometimes called direct-fed microbials (DFM) when used in animals (3), are live microorganisms administered to confer a health benefit upon the host (4). Administration of probiotic Lactobacillus to poultry has been demonstrated to promote growth at levels similar to antibiotics (5, 6) and to reduce gastrointestinal colonization of human foodborne pathogens, including Campylobacter (7, 8), Clostridium (9), and Salmonella (10, 11). Because of concern over antibiotic-resistant pathogens and pressure from both consumers and regulatory agencies, probiotics have received increased interest as potential alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters (12). While probiotics are used widely in livestock production (13), their effectiveness is varied, and the mechanisms responsible for their benefits are not well understood.Phosphorus is an essential nutrient in poultry production (14), with dietary deficiencies leadin...

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Evaluation of Bacillus species as potential candidates for direct-fed microbials in commercial poultry

Cited by 91 publications

References 33 publications

Probiotic <i>Bacillus</i> species and <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> improve performance, gut histology and immunity in broiler chickens

Probiotic <i>Bacillus</i> species and <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> improve performance, gut histology and immunity in broiler chickens

Probiotics for Human and Poultry Use in the Control of Gastrointestinal Disease: A Review of Real-World Experiences

Evaluation of Phytate-Degrading Lactobacillus Culture Administration to Broiler Chickens

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