Evaluation of Behavioral Changes and Tissue Damages in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) after Exposure to the Herbicide Glyphosate

Abstract

Pesticides can induce changes in behavior and reduce the survival chance of aquatic organisms. In this study, the toxic effects of glyphosate suspension (Glyphosate Aria 41% SL, Tehran Iran) on behavior and tissues of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were assessed. For this purpose, a 96 h LC50 of glyphosate suspension (68.788 mL·L−1) was used in the toxicity test. All individuals were divided into control and treatment groups with four replicates. Exposure operations were performed under two conditions: increasing concentration of suspension from 0 to 68.788 mL·L−1; then, decreasing to the first level. The swimming pattern was recorded by digital cameras during the test and tissue samples were collected at the end of the test. There were significant differences between the swimming pattern of treated individuals and control ones during both steps. The sublethal concentration of glyphosate led to hypertrophy, hyperplasia and hyperemia in the gill of fish. However, changes were obvious only after sampling. The exposed fish also displayed clinical signs such as darkening of the skin and increasing movement of the operculum. Moreover, glyphosate suspension affected swimming patterns of fish suggest that the swimming behavior test can indicate the potential toxicity of environmental pollutants and be used as a noninvasive, useful method for managing environmental changes and assessing fish health conditions by video monitoring.

Stress related blood values in Scyliorhinus canicula as live-indicators of physiological status after bottom trawling capture activity

“…The stress response in fish is a disruption to homeostasis by intrinsic or extrinsic stimuli, which can elicit a behavioral or physiological compensatory mechanisms (Abdel-Tawwab et al, 2019;Burgos Aceves et al, 2019;Merola et al, 2022;Sehonova et al, 2018;Yalsuyi et al, 2021). Previous studies on sharks reveal that they respond differently to physiological stress than other species.…”

Chronic Effects of Diazinon® Exposures Using Integrated Biomarker Responses in Freshwater Walking Catfish, Clarias batrachus

“…The rapid expansion of various types of integrated farming systems for better income and livelihood of farmers is also gaining importance across several developing climes [4]. Though integrated systems require fewer pesticides than the conventional ones, they are used lavishly in co-culture farming techniques [5], the eventual contamination of aquatic ecosystems with PPPs either due to spray-drift, leaching, runoff, and/or accidental spills and from aquacultural applications [6][7][8] could culminate into risks of debilitating effects and mass mortalities of non-target species [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. In addition, risks of sustained toxicity to local biota due to their persistence and high retention within environmental matrices is also a concern [3,[16][17][18][19].…”

Chronic Toxicity of Primary Metabolites of Chloroacetamide and Glyphosate to Early Life Stages of Marbled Crayfish Procambarus virginalis

“…Industrial and agricultural technologies can be a source of ecotoxic pesticides and their metabolites occurring in residual concentrations in various environmental compartments [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. This is related to the change in pesticide use pattern with the increased cultivation of energy crops, such as maize and rapeseed, rather than traditional crops, such as cereals [ 4 ].…”