Evaluation of Bentazone Reaction by Growth Stage and Bentazone Dose Across Soybean Genotypes

Abstract

Germplasm screening is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and expensive. Therefore, it is important to develop the most effective selection method for plant breeding and genetic studies. Herein, experiments were conducted to determine the optimal growth stage and application dose of bentazone based on the response of soybeans. The influence of soybean accessions, application doses (0X, 1X and 2X), and growth stages (VC, V1, V2) on plant injury and growth performance was examined. Leaf injury and growth performance were significantly influenced by accession, dose, and growth stage. There was a substantial difference of 2%-3% and 23%-31% in leaf necrosis between the tolerant and susceptible groups, respectively. The mean leaf necrosis and visual scores for the VC, V1, and V2 stages showed a similar pattern, with a non-significant difference. The effect of accessions on plant height, fresh weight, and dry weight reduction had no significant difference in all growth stages. No significant differences in necrosis were found in the tolerant accessions across bentazone doses, while significant differences were found in the susceptible accessions. The leaf necrosis from 2X bentazone was almost double that of 1X treatment. However, there was no difference in visual scores between the 1X and 2X doses. In addition, the visual scores showed no difference between the 1X and 2X doses within the growth stages. The application of 1X dose bentazone at the V1 stage is suitable to determine tolerant and susceptible soybeans. This result can help determine the genotypes for breeding and genetic studies.

Evaluation of the effect of nicosulfuron and bentazone herbicides on growth and yield performance of two maize varieties in Mubi, Nigeria

“…Therefore, the age of the plant at which herbicides are applied determines the magnitude of the effect of the herbicides on the plant's growth parameters. Ali et al (2021) agreed with this when they reported the effect of bentazone application at different developmental stages on the growth parameters of soybean cultivars.…”

“…Using herbicides significantly increases maize plants' yield due to effective weed control (Sharara et al 2005) and wheat (El-Rokiek et al 2022). Although bentazone herbicides are selective for maize, rice, cowpea, sorghum, soybeans, and peanut, however, its application at the different developmental stages of soybeans resulted in some visual injuries that impacted negatively on the growth of the plant (Ali et al 2021). The application of herbicides in crop fields, however, must be done at the appropriate time and dosage, as wrong timing for the application of postemergence herbicides, even at the recommended doses, could inflict some injuries on plants that might affect the grain size and yield or even kill the desirable plants (Legleiter and Johnson 2012;Varshney et al 2012).…”

Comparison of Hyperspectral Imagery and Physiological Characteristics of Bentazone-Tolerant and -Susceptible Soybean Cultivars

“…Studies reported that bentazone symptoms of Williams 82 were recovered after bentazone treatment [7,16]. Ali et al [58] mentioned that Williams 82 is a moderate-bentazone cultivar. In this study, moderate bentazone-tolerant cultivars were predominant in Korean soybeans, with a visual score ranging from 2.0-2.9 (Table S1).…”

“…Injury was scored visually 5 days after treatment (DAT) when there were maximum injury symptoms on the leaves of the reference sensitive genotypes (Suwon 98 and PI 97150) [10]. The visual scoring scale is based on the area of leaf burn in our previous study [58]. A phenotypic scoring scale (1-5) was used to evaluate cultivar tolerance.…”

“…Four seeds from each cultivar were sown per pot. Soon after emergence, thinning was performed to leave a single plant per pot at the VC stage (unifoliate leaves emergent) [58]. Herbicide treatment was performed as described earlier, and the visual score was evaluated 5 DAT using a 1-5 scale.…”