Evaluation of blood sugar tests: Significance of the non-glucose reducing substances and the arterio-venous blood sugar difference

Mosenthal, Herman O.; Barry, Eileen

doi:10.1007/bf03007187

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This procedure overcame errors encountered when precipitating and collecting very small amounts of polysaccharide from alcoholic solution, prior to direct estimation, as in the procedures of Van Handel (1965) and Shibko et al (1967). It should be noted, however, that in the present procedure the values for total carbohydrate may include non-carbohydrate substances which interfere with the ferricyanide reduction method for free sugars, and would be included in the FRS values (Mosenthal & Barry, 1946).…”

Section: M^w^]mentioning

confidence: 98%

A Micro-Analytical Scheme for the Determination of Protein, Carbohydrate, Lipid and RNA Levels in Marine Invertebrate Larvae

Holland¹,

Gabbott²

1971

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

158

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A micro-analytical scheme for the determination of protein, total carbohydrate, freereducing substances, total lipid, phospholipid and RNA levels in marine invertebrate larvae is described and discussed. The scheme is designed for use with 1–2 mg dry weight of tissue. Values of 171·0, 15·03, 50·4 and 11·58 μg/mg dry weight of larvae (flesh + shell) are given for the levels of protein, total carbohydrate, total lipid and RNA respectively, in newly released larvae of Ostrea edulis L.

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Section: M^w^]mentioning

confidence: 98%

A Micro-Analytical Scheme for the Determination of Protein, Carbohydrate, Lipid and RNA Levels in Marine Invertebrate Larvae

Holland¹,

Gabbott²

1971

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

158

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“…Nelson's modification of the Somogyi method (30) was used for sugar determination in this study in order to minimize the effects of nonfermentable reducing substances (42,43). The use of venous blood samples in conjunction with an indwelling needle has the advantages of good patient acceptability and a minimum of patient trauma (44)(45)(46).…”

Section: Comparison Of Venous and Arterial Blood Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in normal subjects) and the difference increases markedly (average 30 to 43 mg. per 100 ml.) following the administration of glucose (43,47). Since Blotner (37) has found that glucose tolerance determined on venous blood samples was influenced less by physical activity in both children and adults than were estimates derived from capillary blood samples, it follows that the use of venous blood might be a more adequate test of age differences in glucose tolerance.…”

Section: Comparison Of Venous and Arterial Blood Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age Differences in the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Tests and the Response to Insulin

Silverstone¹,

Brandfonbrener²,

Shock³

et al. 1957

J. Clin. Invest.

130

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In addition to providing information with regard to the status of carbohydrate metabolism, the time course of the disappearance of injected glucose from the blood stream offers information concerning the overall effectiveness of a variety of physiological mechanisms involved in maintaining homeostasis. In a number of investigations, reduction in glucose tolerance, i.e., a slower rate of return to fasting levels of blood sugar following the oral (1-17) or intravenous (18)(19)(20) administration of glucose, has been reported in older people. The diminished glucose tolerance in the older individual might be due to: (a) inadequate release of insulin from the pancreas, or greater inactivation of endogenously released insulin, (b) the loss of functioning protoplasm with increasing age so that less metabolizing tissue is removing glucose from the blood, (c) a diminution in the effectiveness of the metabolic processes involved in the removal of sugar from the blood stream, (d) alterations in the rate of release of glucose from the liver, or (e) a reduction in the volume in which the glucose is originally distributed in the aged. By comparing the glucose and glucose-insulin tolerance tests in the same individual, an estimate of the effect of insulin may be obtained (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). In the experiments to be reported, standard amounts of insulin were administered along with glucose to both old and young subjects with the aim of investigating age differences in the response to the insulin. Table I. Experimental procedure. The intravenous glucose tolerance test (GTT) and the glucose-insulin tolerance test (GITT) were performed in each subject under basal conditions and separated by an interval of not less than one week. In 8 of the subjects, each of the tests (GTT and GITT) was carried out twice in order to evaluate reliability.Twenty minutes before either test was begun, a modified Lindeman needle was placed in an antecubital vein and left in place for the duration of the test. The needle was kept patent by heparinization of the stylus and was used subsequently only for withdrawing blood specimens without a tourniquet (29). A vein in the opposite arm was used for the injection of 50 ml. of 50 per cent glucose in water over a period of two minutes. For the GITT, 5 units of hyperglycemic factor-free insulin8 (Lilly), per square meter of body surface area, were rapidly injected, followed immediately by the standard amount of glucose. The fasting blood specimen was obtained through the Lindeman needle a few minutes before zero time, which was recorded as the beginning of the injection of glucose.Blood samples were collected at 5-minute intervals for the first hour and at 20-minute intervals during the second hour, and were placed immediately in tubes containing a dried heparin and sodium fluoride mixture. All analyses were completed the day of the test, using the Nelson-Somogyi method (30). Determinations were in duplicate and were read on a Model DU Beckman Spectrophotometer.Data analysis. For each tolerance test...

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“…The finding in the present study that the difference in glucose results between the two methods seemed to increase with an increase in serum glucose concentration is supported by Buckley and Drury.33 Middleton34 has found that there was no correlation between this blood saccharoid level and the blood glucose concentration. Mosenthal and Barry, 35 Haunz and Keranen,36 and Saifer and Gerstenfeld37 have all pointed out the wide range in blood saccharoid levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Periodontal Status and Glucose Tolerance

Shannon¹,

Gibson²

1965

J Dent Res

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Evaluation of blood sugar tests: Significance of the non-glucose reducing substances and the arterio-venous blood sugar difference

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

A Micro-Analytical Scheme for the Determination of Protein, Carbohydrate, Lipid and RNA Levels in Marine Invertebrate Larvae

A Micro-Analytical Scheme for the Determination of Protein, Carbohydrate, Lipid and RNA Levels in Marine Invertebrate Larvae

Age Differences in the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Tests and the Response to Insulin

Periodontal Status and Glucose Tolerance

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