Evaluation of caries risk factors associated with pregnancy

Abstract

Tooth decay is a serious public health problem, and identifying risk factors to the disease in pregnant women is essential. The use of the Cariogram, could contribute to implementing preventive measures to improve women’s health during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk to dental caries in pregnant women. The Cariogram presents the results of the five risk factors of caries, and it was observed that the patients have a 42% of chance to avoid new carious lesions and 58% could present lesions, which could be caused by 40% related to diet and bacteria. Conclusion: To date, existing studies are not sufficient to ultimately identify main caries risk factors associated with dental decay in pregnant women.

Relationship between dental caries experience and the levels of Streptococcus mutans and lactobacillus in saliva of pregnant women

“…They examined 53 pregnant and 32 non-pregnant women and found that pregnant women had a higher risk of tooth decay than nonpregnant women. This finding supports the results of the present study (31).…”

“…The study emphasizes the importance of using a Cariogram to assess caries risk and supports its effectiveness in predicting future caries in pregnant women (38,39). The results align with previous research published in the literature (31,(40)(41)(42)(43).…”

“…The results of the present study on caries-related factors in pregnant and non-pregnant women were compared with several other studies. Rivera et al (2019), and Dolić et al (2017) found that diet and bacteria were the most significant factors in causing caries in pregnant women, followed by susceptibility and circumstances (25,31). Bardisi et al (2018), showed a non-significant difference in the diet sector between groups, which was consistent with the present study, although the frequency of diet was significant (38).…”

“…The thermal cycler protocol included activation for 10 min at 94°C followed by 40 cycles of denaturation, primer annealing, and extension (1,29,30). Results were represented as CFU/ml (31,32), and primers were checked and optimized by conventional PCR and evaluated by agarose gel electrophoresis (2,29,(33)(34). The sequences of primers used are listed in Table 2.…”

<p>Pengalaman karies, penyakit periodontal dan tingkat risiko karies ibu hamil</p><p>Caries experience, periodontal disease, and caries risk level of pregnant women</p>

“…Hal ini sejalan dengan hasil penelitian tingkat risiko karies yang dilakukan oleh Dolic et al 17 menggunakan kariogram dimana sebagian besar ibu hamil memiliki tingkat risiko karies tinggi, dimana faktor-faktor yang memiliki asosiasi yang kuat dengan tingginya risiko karies pada ibu hamil adalah pengalaman karies sebelumnya, plak, frekuensi konsumsi makanan manis, dan bakteri Streptococcus mutans. 17,18 Kateeb 19 menyatakan kurang baiknya kesehatan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil dapat disebabkan karena kurangnya pengetahuan ibu hamil bahwa kesehatan gigi dan mulut memiliki keterkaitan dengan kesehatan umum dan dapat berpengaruh pada hasil kelahiran anak-anak mereka. Selain itu kebanyakan ibu hamil juga tidak memprioritaskan perawatan gigi dan mulut karena kendala waktu dan biaya.…”