Evaluation of commercial methods for determining antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Tenover, Fred C.; Baker, C N; Swenson, Jana M.

doi:10.1128/jcm.34.1.10-14.1996

Cited by 47 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…After incubation, whereby bacterial growth becomes visible, a symmetrical inhibition ellipse centered along the strip is seen. The MIC value is read from the scale in terms of µg/ml where the ellipse edge intersects the strip [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Resistance To High Concentrations Of Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria in hospitals’ drain in Al-Madina Al-Munnawara

Ibrahim

Galal

Al-Turk

et al. 2010

Journal of Taibah University for Science

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Twelve final effluent samples from four hospitals namely Al-Ansar, Al-Miqat, Al-Zahraa and Al-Dar in Al-Madina Al-Munnawara were collected in spring of 2007 and screened for bacterial counts. Gramnegative rods belonging to 21 different species and 13 genera represented the main bulk (65.2%) out of the 359 bacterial isolates followed by Gram-positive rods (31.8%) and Gram positive cocci (3.1%). The most common isolates were belonging to Escherichia coli (32.05%) followed by Enterobacter cloacae (17.9%). The 234 identified Gram-negative rods isolates were tested for their susceptibility for seven antibiotics at the commonly tested concentrations in hospitals and higher concentrations of the same antibiotics. Gentamicin was the most effective antibiotic, as only 2.6% of these isolates were resistant to 10µg/ml, while 2.1% were resistant up to 256µg/ml. The least effective antibiotic tested was sulphamethoxazole, as 82.9% of the isolates were resistant to 25µg/ml of this antibiotic, while 62.8% were resistant to 1024µg/ml. The second less effective antibiotic was ampicillin.

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Section: Resistance To High Concentrations Of Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria in hospitals’ drain in Al-Madina Al-Munnawara

Ibrahim

Galal

Al-Turk

et al. 2010

Journal of Taibah University for Science

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“…The E test's reliability versus those of reference methods of susceptibility testing has been established for pneumococci (11,18,26) and nutritionally variant streptococci (10), and the test has been applied to direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing of blood culture isolates (14); however, the present study represents the first standardization of this newer technology against reference methods for MIC determinations with VGS. In his appraisal of the criteria for choosing an antimicrobial susceptibility testing system, Jorgensen (16) suggests that the system under evaluation should have the following characteristics: 90% of the test MICs should be within Ϯ1 twofold dilution of the MIC obtained by the reference method (agreement), very major errors should occur in Ͻ3% of all comparisons for isolates shown to be resistant by the reference method, and combined major and minor error rates should be Ͻ7%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The E test provides a rapid and convenient means for determining MICs for a variety of microbe-antimicrobial agent combinations. This method has compared favorably with reference methods in measuring antimicrobial MICs for other gram-positive organisms (6,10,11,15,26,32), but to date no such standardization has been achieved for VGS. The aims of this study were to compare the E-test and agar dilution MIC methods of susceptibility testing for penicillin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, and vancomycin and to examine the clinical, laboratory, and demographic characteristics attributable to a large population of unselected VGS isolates from normally sterile body sites.…”

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confidence: 99%

E Test versus Agar Dilution for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Viridans Group Streptococci

et al. 1999

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Viridans group streptococci (VGS) are commonly isolated from the blood of hospitalized patients. The E test represents a convenient method for determining the MICs for VGS, but for this purpose it has not been well validated against reference methods. In this study, 180 unselected VGS isolates were identified to a species level, and the MICs of penicillin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, and vancomycin were determined by both agar dilution and the E test. Available data regarding demographic and laboratory variables for each VGS bacteremic episode were collected, the significance of each VGS isolate was assessed, and the associations between and among laboratory and clinical variables were investigated. Among all VGS isolates, 68.3% (median of three runs) were found to be fully susceptible to penicillin by agar dilution. The E test and agar dilution showed average agreements (within ±1 dilution) of 92.2% for penicillin, 95.7% for cefuroxime 91.3% for cefotaxime, and 86.7% for vancomycin. Agreements over serial E tests and serial agar dilutions were excellent for β-lactam agents (intraclass correlation coefficients, >0.9) but less impressive for vancomycin. Very major error rates for the E test were ≤0.7%, and combined major and minor error rates were within acceptable limits for all antimicrobial agents tested. Lysis-centrifugation culture methods were more often associated with clinically insignificant VGS isolates; otherwise, no associations between clinical and laboratory variables were noted.

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“…To address the need for simpler and more efficient testing methods, various commercial methods have been developed and evaluated including colorimetric broth microdilution methods (3,12,20), breakpoint testing methods (2,21), and agar diffusion methods (4,23). Likewise, the PASCO Division of Becton-Dickinson has developed a commercially available broth microdilution panel for the in vitro susceptibility testing of antibacterial agents which has been evaluated on a number of occasions (10,19,22).…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of PASCO and National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards M27-A Broth Microdilution Methods for Antifungal Drug Susceptibility Testing of Yeasts

et al. 2000

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The PASCO antifungal susceptibility test system, developed in collaboration with a commercial company, is a broth microdilution assay which is faster and easier to use than the reference broth microdilution test performed according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) document M27-A guidelines. Advantages of the PASCO system include the system's inclusion of quality-controlled, premade antifungal panels containing 10, twofold serial dilutions of drugs and a one-step inoculation system whereby all wells are simultaneously inoculated in a single step. For the prototype panel, we chose eight antifungal agents for in vitro testing (amphotericin B, flucytosine, fluconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole, clotrimazole, miconazole, and terconazole) and compared the results with those of the NCCLS method for testing 74 yeast isolates (14 Candida albicans, 10 Candida glabrata, 10 Candida tropicalis, 10 Candida krusei, 10 Candida dubliniensis, 10 Candida parapsilosis, and 10 Cryptococcus neoformans isolates). The overall agreements between the methods were 91% for fluconazole, 89% for amphotericin B and ketoconazole, 85% for itraconazole, 80% for flucytosine, 77% for terconazole, 66% for miconazole, and 53% for clotrimazole. In contrast to the M27-A reference method, the PASCO method classified as resistant seven itraconazole-susceptible isolates (9%), two fluconazole-susceptible isolates (3%), and three flucytosine-susceptible isolates (4%), representing 12 major errors. In addition, it classified two fluconazole-resistant isolates (3%) and one flucytosine-resistant isolate (1%) as susceptible, representing three very major errors. Overall, the agreement between the methods was greater than or equal to 80% for four of the seven species tested (C. dubliniensis, C. glabrata, C. krusei, and C. neoformans). The lowest agreement between methods was observed for miconazole and clotrimazole and for C. krusei isolates tested against terconazole. When the data for miconazole and clotrimazole were removed from the analysis, agreement was >80% for all seven species tested. Therefore, the PASCO method is a suitable alternative procedure for the testing of the antifungal susceptibilities of the medically important Candida spp. and C. neoformans against a range of antifungal agents with the exceptions only of miconazole and clotrimazole and of terconazole against C. krusei isolates.

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Evaluation of commercial methods for determining antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Cited by 47 publications

References 30 publications

Antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria in hospitals’ drain in Al-Madina Al-Munnawara

Antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria in hospitals’ drain in Al-Madina Al-Munnawara

E Test versus Agar Dilution for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Viridans Group Streptococci

Comparative Evaluation of PASCO and National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards M27-A Broth Microdilution Methods for Antifungal Drug Susceptibility Testing of Yeasts

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