Evaluation of cotton germplasm for morphological and biochemical host plant resistance traits against sucking insect pests complex

Abstract

Background Sucking insect pests cause severe damage to cotton crop production. The development of insect resistant cotton cultivars is one of the most effective measures in curtailing the yield losses. Considering the role of morphological and biochemical host plant resistance (HPR) traits in plant defense, 12 cotton genotypes/varieties were evaluated for leaf area, leaf glanding, total soluble sugars, total soluble proteins, total phenolics, tannin and total flavonoids against fluctuating populations of whitefly, thrips and jassid under field conditions. Results The population of these insects fluctuated during the growing season and remained above threshold level (whitefly > 5, thrips > (8–10), or jassid > 1 per leaf) during late June and early July. Strong and negative association of whitefly (r = − 0.825) and jassid (r = − 0.929) with seed cotton yield was observed. Mean population of insects were the highest in Glandless-1 followed by NIA-82 and NIA-M30. NIAB-Kiran followed by NIAB-878 and Sadori were the most resistant, with the mean population of 1.41, 1.60, 1.66 (whitefly); 2.24, 2.32, 2.53 (thrips) and 0.37, 0.31, 0.36 (jassid), respectively. The resistant variety NIAB-Kiran showed less soluble sugars (8.54 mg·g− 1), soluble proteins (27.11 mg·g− 1) and more phenolic (36.56 mg·g− 1) and flavonoids (13.10 mg·g− 1) as compared with the susceptible check Glandless-1. Moreover, all insect populations were positively correlated with total soluble sugars and proteins. Whitefly populations exhibited negative response to leaf gossypol glands, total phenolics, tannins and flavonoids. The thrips and jassid populations had a significant and negative correlation with these four biochemical HPR traits. Conclusion The identified resistant resources and HPR traits can be deployed against sucking insect pests’ complex in future breeding programs of developing insect resistant cotton varieties.

Resistance to Mirid Bug Creontiades Biseratense (Distant) in Cotton

“…These are in contrast to the findings of Deb et al (2015), Gonde et al (2015), Amin et al (2016) who reported that the higher trichome density hinders the insect movement and activity on plant. Present results corroborate those of Khan et al (2014) and partially of Murugesan and Kavitha (2010) and Rizwan et al (2021). Harishkumar (2015) reported the significant positive relation of mirid bug incidence with trichome density on lamina, midvein and leaf thickness.…”

New, Prospective Cotton Variety "Niyat" In Soil-Climatic Conditions of Khorezm Region and Its Valuable Economic Characters

“…The development of insect resistant cotton cultivars is one of the most effective measures in curtailing the yield losses. Considering the role of morphological and biochemical host plant resistance (HPR) traits in plant defense, 12 cotton genotypes/varieties were evaluated for leaf area, leaf glanding, total soluble sugars, total soluble proteins, total phenolics, tannin and total flavonoids against fluctuating populations of whitefly, thrips and jassid under field conditions (Rizwan Muhammad et al 2021).…”

Transcriptome analysis and identification of genes associated with leaf crude protein content in foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.]

“…In one study, nymphal density and the leaf damage index of grape leafhopper (Erythroneura apicalis Nawa) were negatively correlated with CP levels in grape leaf (Fan et al, 2008). Another study reported that total soluble protein content in cotton leaves was positively associated with the population densities of thrip (Thrips tabaci), whitefly (Bemesia tabaci), and jassid (Amrasca devastans), and these pests were more prone to attack cotton genotypes with high concentrations of such proteins (Rizwan et al, 2021). Hence, the protein content of host plant leaves may be related to the degree of insect infestation, which could explain the effect of the foxtail millet materials we bred in previous work.…”