Evaluation of degradable bone cements for percutaneous augmentation of bone defects

Abstract

In this study, two novel bioactive bone-bonding cements based on the crystalline phase Ca 2 KNa(PO 4 ) 2 were studied in vivo in order to characterize their bone regenerative capacities as well as their biodegradability. The implantation site was located underneath the patellar sliding plane of the distal femur of rabbits in an area which is almost free of bony trabeculae. Highly porous b-TCP granules and empty defects served as controls. In order to obtain information especially regarding the remodeling properties time periods of up to 48 weeks were chosen. When used as bulk material, both cements showed bone formation rates which were comparable to those of the TCP granules in combination with a favorable biodegradability, which however was lower than that of TCP granules due to the considerably lower porosity. Taken together, a guided bone regeneration in conjunction with biomaterials degradation was observed with all three materials. The empty defects (negative control) did not show comparable bone formation rates. Based on this study, both cements can be considered as valuable materials for percutaneous treatment of bone defects in traumatology, for example.

3-D Printed Bioactive Bone Replacement Scaffolds of Alkaline Substituted Ortho-Phosphates Containing Meta- and Di-Phosphates

“…[1] One of the most common bioactive and degradable calcium orthophosphates for example is tri-calcium phosphate (TCP). Nevertheless, TCP degrades too slowly [2] and therefore, it does not match the regeneration process optimally. Depending on the gender and the age of the patient, the location of the bone defect and other circumstances, which have an influence on the bone regeneration and healing process, it is presently a goal of the science community to develop materials with different degradation rates, which correlate with the bone regeneration and formation process.…”