Evaluation of Dental Implant Stability with or without Photoactivated Surface Treatment

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the stability of two implant groups treated either only with sandblasting and acid etching or photoactivation after sandblasting and acid etching, using resonance frequency analysis (RFA). Materials and Methods:We investigated 50 implants in 25 patients (12 men and 13 women). Twenty-five implants were treated with sandblasting and acid etching, and 25 with photoactivation. We recorded the implant stability quotient (ISQ) value on the day of implant placement and consecutively every 2 weeks for 16 weeks for each implant. RFA was used for the direct measurement of implant stability. We compared mean ISQ values using a repeated-measures analysis of variance test. Results:The mean ISQ values at surgery and 16 weeks in implants treated only with sandblasting and acid etching were 77.8 ± 6.7 and 83.2 ± 2.5, respectively, while in those treated with f urther photoactivation were 78.9 ± 5.3 and 84. 1 ± 3.3, respectively. The photoactivated implants showed higher ISQ values than those without photoactivated surface treatment. However, there were no significant differences between the two implant groups. Conclusion:Both implant groups showed high implant stability in clinical practice. The photoactivated implant surface appears to have higher implant stability than that without photoactivation by increasing the hydrophilic surface.

Clinical Effects of Photofunctionalization on Implant Stability and Marginal Bone Loss: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…A total of 1788 relevant articles were obtained through searching the electronic database. After 292 duplicate articles were removed, 1484 articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded based on their titles and abstracts, and 12 articles were included [ 21 , 22 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 36 ]. In addition, 185 articles were obtained by performing a manual search of dental implant journals and the related references of the included articles, of which three articles were subjected to full-paper review eligibility [ 23 , 37 , 38 ].…”

“…In addition, 185 articles were obtained by performing a manual search of dental implant journals and the related references of the included articles, of which three articles were subjected to full-paper review eligibility [ 23 , 37 , 38 ]. After the full text of the total 15 articles were evaluated [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 36 , 37 , 38 ], 8 studies were left for some reasons [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 25 , 26 , 36 , 37 , 38 ] ( Supplementary Material Table S2 ). Finally, seven studies were included in the qualitative analysis [ 24 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ], and five of them were chosen for the meta-analysis [ 24 , 28 , 30 , 31 , 32 ] ( Figure 1 ).…”

“…After the full text of the total 15 articles were evaluated [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 36 , 37 , 38 ], 8 studies were left for some reasons [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 25 , 26 , 36 , 37 , 38 ] ( Supplementary Material Table S2 ). Finally, seven studies were included in the qualitative analysis [ 24 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ], and five of them were chosen for the meta-analysis [ 24 , 28 , 30 , 31 , 32 ] ( Figure 1 ).…”

“…However, controversial results have also been reported. For instance, no statistically significant differences in implant stability or MBL between photofunctionalized group and control group were observed by Heo et al and Zaheer et al [ 28 , 32 ]. Thus, it is essential to systematically analyze the quantitative assessment of the clinical effects of photofunctionalization in order to provide suggestions for future trials and clinical practice.…”

“…However, whether photofunctionalization has a positive impact on the osseointegration of dental implants in clinic is not ascertained. A few of clinical trials have recently investigated the outcomes of photofunctionalized implants, especially focused on the evaluation of implant stability and MBL [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. Shah et al showed that photofunctionalization significantly improved implant stability as compared with the control group [ 31 ].…”