Evaluation of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a co-solvent for toxicity testing of hydrophobic organic compounds

Modrzyński, Jakub J.; Christensen, Jan H.; Brandt, Kristian K.

doi:10.1007/s10646-019-02107-0

Cited by 39 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Similar stimulation of growth upon the use of DMSO was demonstrated in Rhodobacter sphaeroides (Horne and McEwan, 1998) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Hili et al, 1997). DMSO was demonstrated as a good solvent for aromatic organic compounds, which may use for toxicity studies of both individual bacterial strains and complex microbial assemblages (Modrzyński et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Phloretin, an Apple Phytoalexin, Affects the Virulence and Fitness of Pectobacterium brasiliense by Interfering With Quorum-Sensing

et al. 2021

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The effects of phloretin a phytoalexin from apple, was tested on Pectobacterium brasiliense (Pb1692), an emerging soft-rot pathogen of potato. Exposure of Pb1692 to 0.2 mM phloretin a concentration that does not affect growth, or to 0.4 mM a 50% growth inhibiting concentration (50% MIC), reduced motility, biofilm formation, secretion of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes, production of acyl–homoserine lactone (AHL) signaling molecules and infection, phenotypes that are associated with bacterial population density-dependent system known as quorum sensing (QS). To analyze the effect of growth inhibition on QS, the activity of ciprofloxacin, an antibiotic that impairs cell division, was compared to that of phloretin at 50% MIC. Unlike phloretin, the antibiotic hardly affected the tested phenotypes. The use of DH5α, a QS-negative Escherichia coli strain, transformed with an AHL synthase (ExpI) from Pb1692, allowed to validate direct inhibition of AHL production by phloretin, as demonstrated by two biosensor strains, Chromobacterium violaceaum (CV026) and E. coli (pSB401). Expression analysis of virulence-related genes revealed downregulation of QS-regulated genes (expI, expR, luxS, rsmB), plant cell wall degrading enzymes genes (pel, peh and prt) and motility genes (motA, fim, fliA, flhC and flhD) following exposure to both phloretin concentrations. The results support the inhibition of ExpI activity by phloretin. Docking simulations were used to predict the molecular associations between phloretin and the active site of ExpI, to suggest a likely mode of action for the compound’s inhibition of virulence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Phloretin, an Apple Phytoalexin, Affects the Virulence and Fitness of Pectobacterium brasiliense by Interfering With Quorum-Sensing

et al. 2021

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“…Because TCS has low water solubility, DMSO is commonly added to dissolve TCS in animal studies (Nassef et al, 2010;Zhou et al, 2017). Previous studies reported that DMSO concentrations up to 10% (v/v) did not affect the bacterialinhibition ability of phenol compounds (Modrzynski et al, 2019), and DMSO concentration of 0.25% did not impede the viability of E. coli (Negin et al, 2014). In our study, DMSO concentration was set at a low concentration (0.01%) and the same in both DMSO control and all the TCS exposure solutions; However, in this study, there was a difference in the relative abundance of three phyla (Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, and CKC4) and four genera (Acinetobacter,Cetobacterium,CKC4_ norank,Hyphomicrobium) between the DMSO control and blank control groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Long-Term Triclosan Exposure on Microbiota in Zebrafish

Fan

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Background: Triclosan (TCS) is a widely used antibacterial agent in personal care products and is ubiquitous in the environment. We aimed to examine whether TCS exposure affects microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract of zebrafish.Methods: After exposure to TCS 0 (Dimethyl Sulphoxide, DMSO control), 0.03, 0.3, 3, 30, 100, and 300ng/ml, respectively, from day 0 to 120days post fertilization (dpf), or for 7days in adult 4-month zebrafish, the long- and short-term impact of TCS exposure on the microbiome in the gastrointestinal tract was evaluated by analyzing 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region sequencing.Results: The top two most dominant microbiota phyla were Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria phylum in all zebrafish groups. In TCS exposure 0–120 dpf, compared with DMSO control, the mean number of microbial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) was 54.46 lower (p<0.0001), Chao indice 41.40 lower (p=0.0004), and Ace indice 34.10 lower (p=0.0044) in TCS 300ng/ml group, but no change was observed in most of the other TCS concentrations. PCoA diagram showed that the microbial community in the long-term TCS 300ng/ml exposure group clustered differently from those in the DMSO control and other TCS exposure groups. A shorter body length of the zebrafish was observed in the long-term TCS exposure at 0.03, 100, and 300ng/ml. For 7-day short-term exposure in adult zebrafish, no difference was observed in alpha or beta diversity of microbiota nor the relative abundance of Proteobacteria or Fusobacteria phylum among DMSO control and any TCS levels, but a minor difference in microbial composition was observed for TCS exposure.Conclusions: Long-term exposure to high TCS concentration in a window from early embryonic life to early adulthood may reduce diversity and alter the composition of microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract. The effect of short-term TCS exposure was not observed on the diversity of microbiota but there was a minor change of microbial composition in adult zebrafish with TCS exposure.

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“…This is highly relevant in enriched biomass under autotrophic conditions with ammonium as the sole energy source to suppress heterotrophic bacterial growth. There are three critical aspects in working with microbial cultures to consider: establish the solvent requirements in terms of concentration and exposure (Modrzyński et al 2019), conduct solvent toxicity tests for the specific bacterial communities, and finally evaluate the possibility of solvent as a substrate source (Dyrda et al 2019). Suppose the solvent pre-tests result in limited options.…”

Section: Effect Of Solvent On Nitrification Performancementioning

confidence: 99%