Evaluation of Drug Treatment of Bronchopneumonia at the Pediatric Clinic in Sarajevo

Abstract

Introduction:Bronchopneumonia is the most common clinical manifestation of pneumonia in pediatric population and leading infectious cause of mortality in children under 5 years. Evaluation of treatment involves diagnostic procedures, assessment of disease severity and treatment for disease with an emphasis on vulnerability of the population.Aim:To determine the most commonly used antibiotics at the Pediatric Clinic in Sarajevo and concomitant therapy in the treatment of bronchopneumonia.Patients and Methods:The study was retrospective and included a total of 104 patients, hospitalized in pulmonary department of the Pediatric Clinic in the period from July to December 2014. The treatment of bronchopneumonia at the Pediatric Clinic was empirical and it conformed to the guidelines and recommendations of British Thoracic Society.Results and Discussion:First and third generation of cephalosporins and penicillin antibiotics were the most widely used antimicrobials, with parenteral route of administration and average duration of treatment of 4.3 days. Concomitant therapy included antipyretics, corticosteroids, leukotriene antagonists, agonists of β2 adrenergic receptor. In addition to pharmacotherapy, hospitalized patients were subjected to a diet with controlled intake of sodium, which included probiotic-rich foods and adequate hydration. Recommendations for further antimicrobial treatment include oral administration of first-generation cephalosporins and penicillin antibiotics.Conclusion:Results of the drug treatment of bronchopneumonia at the Pediatric Clinic of the University Clinical Center of Sarajevo are comparable to the guidelines of the British Thoracic Society. It is necessary to establish a system for rational use of antimicrobial agents in order to reduce bacterial resistance.

Treatment of Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Are All Countries Treating Children in the Same Way? A Literature Review

“…Cephalosporins were often reported to be the class with higher rates of prescription for CAP treatment, as reported by many centres in different countries, like Ethiopia [ 60 ], Saudi Arabia [ 62 ], Nepal [ 73 ], Serbia [ 83 ], Sudan [ 67 ], US [ 54 , 71 , 74 ], Italy [ 76 ], and other European countries [ 48 , 82 ].…”

“…In a retrospective study by Zec et al, during a 6-month period in 2014, first- and third-generation cephalosporins were given to children with CAP in 40.4% and 31.7% of cases, respectively. Penicillin was used in 25% of cases [ 83 ]. In an Italian 1-day point-prevalence survey on antimicrobial use in hospitalized neonates and children in 2012, the main indication for treatment in children was LRTI (34%), with higher prevalence of third-generation cephalosporins (43.3%) followed by macrolides accounting for 26.8%.…”

The Rationality of Antibiotics Use on Inpatient Department of Pediatric in One of the Hospital in Cimahi

“…Bronchopneumonia is the clinical manifestation of pneumonia that is most common in children. Bronchopneumonia is an infectious disease that causes death in children under five years (Zec et al, 2016).…”

“…Cefotaxime is a third-generation cephalosporin that has broad-spectrum activity and is widely used in the treatment of pneumonia (Yayan et al, 2015). The results of other studies show that the most widely used therapy for pneumonia is antibiotics of penicillin and first and third-generation cephalosporins (Zec et al, 2016).…”

Economic Evaluation of the Use of Cefotaxime and Ceftazidime in the Treatment of Pneumonia in Pediatric Patients

“…Third generation of cephalosporins are characterised by a broad spectrum of activity and increased stability to beta-lactamases compared with the first and second generation cephalosporins. 3,4 The cost of antibiotic treatment is one of the significant medical cost of pneumonia treatment. Ceftazidime is more sensitive compared to cefotaxime, but more expensive.…”