Evaluation of End of Dormancy in Several Apricot Cultivars According to Different Methodological Approaches

Guerriero, R.; Monteleone, Palmiero; Viti, Raffaella

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2006.701.12

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…A total of 15 works have experimentally evaluated the chilling requirements of 68 apricot cultivars all around the world (Iran, Italy, Serbia, South Africa, Spain, and the USA) ( Table 2). The range of chilling requirements is between 274 CU in 'Palsteyn' [45] to 1450-1600 CU in 'Orangered' [46]. This crop is cultivated mainly in Mediterranean regions and it has traditionally been considered that most cultivars had low chilling requirements.…”

Section: European and Japanese Apricot (P Armeniaca And P Mume)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chilling and Heat Requirements of Temperate Stone Fruit Trees (Prunus sp.)

et al. 2020

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Stone fruit trees of genus Prunus, like other temperate woody species, need to accumulate a cultivar-specific amount of chilling during endodormancy, and of heat during ecodormancy to flower properly in spring. Knowing the requirements of a cultivar can be critical in determining if it can be adapted to a particular area. Growers can use this information to anticipate the future performance of their orchards and the adaptation of new cultivars to their region. In this work, the available information on chilling-and heat-requirements of almond, apricot, plum, peach, and sweet cherry cultivars is reviewed. We pay special attention to the method used for the determination of breaking dormancy, the method used to quantify chilling and heat temperatures, and the place where experiments were conducted. The results reveal different gaps in the information available, both in the lack of information of cultivars with unknown requirements and in the methodologies used. The main emerging challenges are the standardization of the conditions of each methodology and the search for biological markers for dormancy. These will help to deal with the growing number of new cultivars and the reduction of winter cold in many areas due to global warming.Agronomy 2020, 10, 409 2 of 32 (2.4 million t in 0.4 million ha), almond (2.2 million t in 1.9 million ha) and sour cherry (1.2 million t in 0.2 million ha) [2].Stone fruit trees, like other temperate woody species, need to accumulate a cultivar-specific amount of chilling during winter to overcome dormancy and then experience warm temperatures to finally flower in spring [3][4][5]. These conditions the adaptation of species and cultivars to each region [6] and it is the main drawback for their extension to warmer latitudes [7]. Knowing the temperature requirements of a cultivar can be useful for growers to anticipate the future performance of their orchards and to design new orchards taking into account the predicted global warming [7][8][9]. In this work, the available information on chilling-and heat-requirements of cultivars of the most cultivated stone fruit crops (almond, apricot, peach, plum and cherry) is reviewed, paying special attention to the approach used for the determination of breaking dormancy, the method used to quantify chilling and heat temperatures, and the place where the experiments were conducted. There is extensive information available about chilling and heat requirements that has purposefully been omitted from this review. We have only included those studies that a) obtained results by using an experimental methodology (i.e., transferring shoots into a growth chamber sequentially during winter) or computational/statistical approaches that relate flowering dates to temperature data over a sufficiently long time series, and b) quantified chilling and heat temperatures using the common models (Chilling Hours model, Utah model or Dynamic model for chilling requirements, Growing Degree Hours for heat requirements). Dormancy: Definition and DescriptionStone fruit tr...

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Section: European and Japanese Apricot (P Armeniaca And P Mume)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chilling and Heat Requirements of Temperate Stone Fruit Trees (Prunus sp.)

et al. 2020

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“…The strength of endodormancy increases from the end of summer, throughout the fall, generally peaking somewhere between the end of October and the end of November in the northern hemisphere depending on the species and the climatic conditions prevailing during the fall [4]. A dormancy breaking test, or forcing test, is the method of choice for assessing the depth of endodormancy in trees [5]. The signals leading to the breaking of endodormancy in perennials are well characterized, temperature playing a major role in both the induction and release of endodormancy [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional profiling of bud dormancy induction and release in oak by next-generation sequencing

Ueno

Klopp²,

Leplé³

et al. 2013

BMC Genomics

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BackgroundIn temperate regions, the time lag between vegetative bud burst and bud set determines the duration of the growing season of trees (i.e. the duration of wood biomass production). Dormancy, the period during which the plant is not growing, allows trees to avoid cold injury resulting from exposure to low temperatures. An understanding of the molecular machinery controlling the shift between these two phenological states is of key importance in the context of climatic change. The objective of this study was to identify genes upregulated during endo- and ecodormancy, the two main stages of bud dormancy. Sessile oak is a widely distributed European white oak species. A forcing test on young trees was first carried out to identify the period most likely to correspond to these two stages. Total RNA was then extracted from apical buds displaying endo- and ecodormancy. This RNA was used for the generation of cDNA libraries, and in-depth transcriptome characterization was performed with 454 FLX pyrosequencing technology.ResultsPyrosequencing produced a total of 495,915 reads. The data were cleaned, duplicated reads removed, and sequences were mapped onto the oak UniGene data. Digital gene expression analysis was performed, with both R statistics and the R-Bioconductor packages (edgeR and DESeq), on 6,471 contigs with read numbers ≥ 5 within any contigs. The number of sequences displaying significant differences in expression level (read abundance) between endo- and ecodormancy conditions ranged from 75 to 161, depending on the algorithm used. 13 genes displaying significant differences between conditions were selected for further analysis, and 11 of these genes, including those for glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and dehydrin xero2 (XERO2) were validated by quantitative PCR.ConclusionsThe identification and functional annotation of differentially expressed genes involved in the “response to abscisic acid”, “response to cold stress” and “response to oxidative stress” categories constitutes a major step towards characterization of the molecular network underlying vegetative bud dormancy, an important life history trait of long-lived organisms.

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“…In both years, the cultivars broke their endodormancy in accordance with their known CR classification: low, medium and high CR (Guerriero et al, 2006;Viti et al, 2006). Generally, in the unusual warm-winter year (2006)(2007), all cultivars showed lower CU requirements with respect to the regular year (2007)(2008) (Table 1).…”

Section: Tuscany Italymentioning

confidence: 66%

“…The climatic data showed noteworthy differences between years and locations. (Guerriero et al, 2006;, were never achieved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Depth of rest, and consequently the chilling requirement, is a specific parameter of each cultivar. Therefore, important differences between cultivars have been reported (Saure, 1985;Erez and Fishman, 1998;Egea et al, 2003;Guerriero et al, 2006;Viti et al, 2006;. Moreover, environmental conditions linked to different locations or other effects of the year seem to play an important role in relation to the chill requirements variability for each genotype.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Letargo invernal en albaricoquero (Prunus armeniaca L). Análisis de diversos factores que afectan su evolución.

Corbalán¹,

Antonio²

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Quisiera reflejar mi más sincero agradecimiento a todas las personas que de una u otra forma han colaborado en la realización de esta tesis doctoral: Especialmente al Dr. José Egea Caballero, por darme la oportunidad de realizar esta tesis, por la constante formación, dedicación, comprensión y apoyo recibidos durante este periodo, y sobre todo, por la humanidad que transmite. Al Dr. David Ruiz González por su incondicional entrega, consejo y apoyo a lo largo de la tesis. Ha sido un auténtico privilegio, tanto a nivel profesional como personal, el haberlos tenido como directores de tesis.Al resto de compañeros del grupo de mejora de albaricoquero, por haber hecho posible todo este trabajo: D. Antonio Molina Gómez (Padre) y D. Antonio Molina Gómez (Hijo), por su gran ayuda en la parcela experimental y la formación recibida en temas de campo; D. José Luis Patiño Saez, por toda la ayuda recibida durante la parte experimental y por aliñar las jornadas de campo con su rigor científico y sentido del humor; y Dña. M. Dolores Nortes, por la gran cantidad de trabajo, ejemplarmente realizado, así como por su total predisposición a ayudar en todo lo que he necesitado.I am particularly grateful to Ms. Laura Allderman and Dr. Nigel Cook for the encouragement, suggestions and generous assistance received.

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Evaluation of End of Dormancy in Several Apricot Cultivars According to Different Methodological Approaches

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Chilling and Heat Requirements of Temperate Stone Fruit Trees (Prunus sp.)

Chilling and Heat Requirements of Temperate Stone Fruit Trees (Prunus sp.)

Transcriptional profiling of bud dormancy induction and release in oak by next-generation sequencing

Letargo invernal en albaricoquero (Prunus armeniaca L). Análisis de diversos factores que afectan su evolución.

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