Evaluation of endometrial echotexture and cervical cytology in cows during and after treatment of endometritis

Küçükaslan, İbrahim; Kaya, Doǧan; Emre, Birten; Bollwein, Heinrich; Özyurtlu, Nihat; Mülazimoğlu, S. Barış; Aslan, Selim

doi:10.15653/tpg-140473

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Clinically, cytology examination is restricted in practice to confirm uterine inflammation, and histopathology is usually considered the more accurate method to detect, define and classify endometritis [ 4 ]. However, cytological examination was also recommended to diagnose endometritis and monitor the elimination of inflammatory cells after treatment in cows [ 14 ] and mares [ 7 ]. In addition, the expression features of pro-inflammatory cytokines may serve as a further confirmation of clinical infection, but the examination on endometrial biopsy samples harms the reproductive system in cattle [ 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few techniques are applied in the diagnosis of endometritis in cattle and mare, including hematology, bacteriology, vaginoscopy, ultrasonography, transrectal palpation, cytology and histological examination [ 22 ], while in commercial sheep and goat flocks, diagnosis of endometritis is usually done by inspection of the pelvic region and vaginal examination using vaginal scope [ 12 ]. Several studies reported that cervical cytology was used for the diagnosis of endometritis in cows due to advantages, such as easy procedure, short time reporting and simple equipment [ 14 , 29 ], while other diagnosis methods including vaginoscopy, ultrasonography, cytokines detection and histopathology were characterized by a long results waiting time and the need of special tools. In addition, some researchers examined the transcripts or serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, and APPs reflect the systemic immune status as diagnostic indicators of subclinical endometritis [ 11 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Characterization of inflammatory responses by cervical cytology, cytokine expression and ultrastructure changes in a goat subclinical endometritis model

Shao¹,

Wang

Wang³

et al. 2017

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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Endometritis is a common puerperal disease in livestock. Thus, a practical clinical test for the establishment of diagnosis is needed. We developed a goat model for subclinical endometritis diagnosis by examining cytological, ultrastructural features and molecular expression in cervical discharge collected by cervical cytobrush method. A suspension of E. coli was infused into the uterine horn of goats, and cervical discharge, peripheral blood and endomertrial biopsy samples were collected before inoculation and at 3, 6, 12, 24, 72, 120 and 168 hr post-inoculation (pi). In experimental goats, total leukocytes increased at 6–12 hr pi in hematological examinations, abundant neutrophils were observed in cervical discharge smears, and some micro-villi shortened or were lost from the epithelium at 3 hr pi, with some inflammatory cells infiltrated into the uterine glands and lamina propria. The mRNA expression levels of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), cytokines and β-defensin-2 increased significantly within 12 hr pi and returned to pre-inoculation levels at 7 day pi. The results showed that subclinical endometritis was simulated in this bacterial infusion goat model, and the evaluation of cervical cytology was in good agreement with molecular changes of cytokines in cervical discharge, hematology and histology. We thus conclude that the simple cervical cytobrush technique can effectively obtain cervical discharge samples for cytology examination in the early diagnosis of subclinical endometritis in goats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of inflammatory responses by cervical cytology, cytokine expression and ultrastructure changes in a goat subclinical endometritis model

Shao¹,

Wang

Wang³

et al. 2017

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…However, although the treatment methods mentioned above are generally used in the treatment of clinical endometritis, there is no generally accepted treatment method for subclinical cytologic endometritis ( 44 ). As an alternative therapy for antibiotic infusion in endometritis, a wide range of chemical agents including hyperimmune serum ( 1 ), autologous plasma, E. coli lipopolysaccharides ( 47 ), pre-acetic acid containing drugs ( 26 ), and irritant solutions containing antiseptics ( 33 ), or antioxidants ( 28 ) are proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of intrauterine infusion ofMomordica charantiaL. on oxidative stress and pregnancy rate in infertile cows

Emre¹,

Korkmaz²,

Temamoğulları³

et al. 2017

Journal of Veterinary Research

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IntroductionThe effect of intrauterine administration of Momordica charantia L. (MC) extract on oxidative changes and pregnancy rate in infertile cows was investigated.Material and MethodsEndometrial smear specimens were taken from 40 cows with fertility problems for cytological examination, and the cows were randomly divided into two groups: group I (n = 20) was subjected to intrauterine administration of 40 mL (0.25 g/mL) of MC extract, group II (n = 20) was subjected to intrauterine administration of 40 mL of pure olive oil. Blood samples were taken starting from the day of administration of MC extract or olive oil (day 0) and then for three weeks at weekly intervals (days 7, 14, 21). Blood serum samples were evaluated for total antioxidant capacity (TAS), total oxidant level (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH), and nitric oxide (NO) levels. In addition, on the 14th day following treatment, two doses of PGF2α were administrated to all cows at 14-day intervals. Following the second PGF2α administration, insemination and GnRH administration was performed at the 60th h after PGF2α treatment. Smear samples were stained with Giemsa and immunohistochemically to determine cytological changes and inflammatory status.ResultsAccording to cytological findings, subclinical endometritis was a prevalent disorder in cows with infertility problem (82.5%; 33/40). Additionally, 60.6% (20/33) of the cows with subclinical endometritis had acute inflammation, whereas remaining 13 cows had chronic endometritis. Of the cows with subclinical endometritis, 50% (8/16) and 35% (6/17) became pregnant in group I and II, respectively (P > 0.05). Although the oxidative stress parameters showed similarities between both groups (P > 0.05), there was a significant difference (P < 0.001) between the groups in terms of mean NO and LOOH levels (NO – 31.20 ± 11.38 vs 44.53 ± 11.50 μmol/L and LOOH – 1.22 ± 0.37 vs 1.89 ± 0.36 μmol/L).ConclusionThe obtained results indicated that MC administration, especially in the presence of active inflammation, may improve the pregnancy rate by positive reduction of oxidative changes.

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Endometrial echotexture variables in postpartum cows with subclinical endometritis

Polat

Cengiz

Cannazik

et al. 2015

Animal Reproduction Science

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Evaluation of endometrial echotexture and cervical cytology in cows during and after treatment of endometritis

Abstract: Echotexture parameters determined by the evaluation of sonographic B-mode images reflect changes in the endometrium and could be used for the evaluation of the recovery period after treatment of endometritis.

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Characterization of inflammatory responses by cervical cytology, cytokine expression and ultrastructure changes in a goat subclinical endometritis model

Characterization of inflammatory responses by cervical cytology, cytokine expression and ultrastructure changes in a goat subclinical endometritis model

Effect of intrauterine infusion ofMomordica charantiaL. on oxidative stress and pregnancy rate in infertile cows

Endometrial echotexture variables in postpartum cows with subclinical endometritis

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